Carmen Arroyo-Quiroz1, Regina Brunauer2, Silvestre Alavez3. 1. Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Estado de México, México. Av. de las Garzas No. 10 Lerma, Edo. Mex. 52005, Mexico. Electronic address: m_arroyo@correo.ler.uam.mx. 2. Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 1197 VMR Building, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA. Electronic address: rbrunauer@cvm.tamu.edu. 3. Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Estado de México, México. Av. de las Garzas No. 10 Lerma, Edo. Mex. 52005, Mexico; Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, Mexico. Electronic address: s.alavez@correo.ler.uam.mx.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with healthy aging in a cohort of Mexican adults after a follow-up of 14 years. STUDY DESIGN: Participants were part of a prospective cohort of the Mexican Healthy Aging Study (MHAS), from which we included 5142 individuals aged 63 years or more. MAIN OUTCOME: Healthy aging, defined as reaching age 77 or 90 without major chronic conditions or physical limitations. MEASURES: Information on age, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, self-perceived depression, health conditions and history of age-related diseases was collected at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: Among the overall cohort, 57.8% experienced healthy survival to age 77 and 42.2% had died before age 77 or were undergoing normal aging. Participants with long-lived parents and who exercised had a lower risk of being non-healthy agers. Being overweight, obese or a smoker increased the risk of being a non-healthy ager. Physically active participants had increased odds of healthy aging at age 77 (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01-1.46) and at age 90 (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.01-2.24). Depression had a negative relationship with healthy aging at age 90 (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45- 0.97). Maternal longevity was associated with healthy aging only at age 77 (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.04-1.72). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the view that a combination of genetic and behavioral factors is associated with healthy aging. In accordance with findings in Caucasian populations, our data suggest for the first time that there might also be a genetic determinant for healthy ageing in Latin Americans.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with healthy aging in a cohort of Mexican adults after a follow-up of 14 years. STUDY DESIGN:Participants were part of a prospective cohort of the Mexican Healthy Aging Study (MHAS), from which we included 5142 individuals aged 63 years or more. MAIN OUTCOME: Healthy aging, defined as reaching age 77 or 90 without major chronic conditions or physical limitations. MEASURES: Information on age, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, self-perceived depression, health conditions and history of age-related diseases was collected at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: Among the overall cohort, 57.8% experienced healthy survival to age 77 and 42.2% had died before age 77 or were undergoing normal aging. Participants with long-lived parents and who exercised had a lower risk of being non-healthy agers. Being overweight, obese or a smoker increased the risk of being a non-healthy ager. Physically active participants had increased odds of healthy aging at age 77 (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01-1.46) and at age 90 (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.01-2.24). Depression had a negative relationship with healthy aging at age 90 (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45- 0.97). Maternal longevity was associated with healthy aging only at age 77 (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.04-1.72). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the view that a combination of genetic and behavioral factors is associated with healthy aging. In accordance with findings in Caucasian populations, our data suggest for the first time that there might also be a genetic determinant for healthy ageing in Latin Americans.
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