Mohammad Suliman1, Wafa Saleh2, Hind Al-Shiekh3, Wafa Taan4, Mohammed AlBashtawy5. 1. Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Al-alBayt University, Mafraq, Jordan. Electronic address: Mbarahemah@aabu.edu.jo. 2. Department of Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Al-alBayt University, Mafraq, Jordan. 3. Maternal and Pediatric Nursing, Al-alBayt University, Mafraq, Jordan. 4. Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. Electronic address: wftaan@just.edu.jo. 5. Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing and Dean of nursing, Al-alBayt University, Mafraq, Jordan. Electronic address: Mohdammadlbash@aabu.edu.jo.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Phlebitis is one of the most common complications of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) that can lead to many complications, including higher medical costs and longer hospital stays. OBJECTIVE: To identify the incidence of phlebitis associated with PIVC and determine its risk factors among hospitalized pediatric patients. METHODS: An observational and cross-sectional design was used. Data such as patient's demographics, medical diagnosis, place of admission, and other PIVC characteristics were recorded. In addition, observations of PIVC sites over 12-hour intervals were conducted to measure PIVC complications using the Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) scale. SAMPLE AND SETTING: Over a period of six months, a sample consisting of 307 children from five governmental hospitals that are located in north and middle Jordan were targeted. The sample consists of patients under 12 years old with PIVCs who were hospitalized in pediatric departments. RESULTS: PIVC catheterization has been associated with several complications such as phlebitis (N = 164; 53.4%), extravasation (N = 107, 34.9%), pain (N = 37; 12.1%), leakage (N = 37; 12.1%), and obstruction (N = 26; 8.5%). The main risk factors for phlebitis were: children admitted to wards, PIVC inserted by novice nurse, catheter inserted in the lower limbs, and catheter with contaminated dressing. CONCLUSION: This study enriches knowledge of PIVC complications and risk factors of phlebitis to help nurses avoid complications and initiate prompt treatment, leading to decrease financial burden as well as patient pain and discomfort.
BACKGROUND:Phlebitis is one of the most common complications of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) that can lead to many complications, including higher medical costs and longer hospital stays. OBJECTIVE: To identify the incidence of phlebitis associated with PIVC and determine its risk factors among hospitalized pediatric patients. METHODS: An observational and cross-sectional design was used. Data such as patient's demographics, medical diagnosis, place of admission, and other PIVC characteristics were recorded. In addition, observations of PIVC sites over 12-hour intervals were conducted to measure PIVC complications using the Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) scale. SAMPLE AND SETTING: Over a period of six months, a sample consisting of 307 children from five governmental hospitals that are located in north and middle Jordan were targeted. The sample consists of patients under 12 years old with PIVCs who were hospitalized in pediatric departments. RESULTS: PIVC catheterization has been associated with several complications such as phlebitis (N = 164; 53.4%), extravasation (N = 107, 34.9%), pain (N = 37; 12.1%), leakage (N = 37; 12.1%), and obstruction (N = 26; 8.5%). The main risk factors for phlebitis were: children admitted to wards, PIVC inserted by novice nurse, catheter inserted in the lower limbs, and catheter with contaminated dressing. CONCLUSION: This study enriches knowledge of PIVC complications and risk factors of phlebitis to help nurses avoid complications and initiate prompt treatment, leading to decrease financial burden as well as patientpain and discomfort.