Tyler B Mason1, Bridgette Do2, Genevieve Dunton2,3. 1. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA. tylermas@usc.edu. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA. 3. Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Motivation and self-regulation are two psychological systems that have been shown to be related to childhood obesity. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated independent and interactive associations of approach-oriented motivation (i.e., drive and reward responsiveness) and self-regulation (i.e., self-control and behavioral regulation) in relation to age- and sex-adjusted body mass index-z scores (BMI-z) in children. METHODS: Children (55% female; Mage = 12.5 years ± .93) completed questionnaires assessing motivation and self-regulation, and anthropometric measurements were taken by research staff cross-sectionally. RESULTS: Regressions revealed no independent associations of approach motivation or self-regulation and BMI-z. There were interactions between the drive facet of approach motivation, which assesses motivation to follow goals, and self-regulation in relation to BMI-z. Children with lower motivation to follow goals and lower self-regulation had higher BMI-z, and children with lower motivation to follow goals and higher self-regulation had lower BMI-z. Children with higher motivation to follow goals had similar BMI-z at all levels of self-regulation. CONCLUSION: For children with low motivation to follow goals, self-regulation may be an important buffer of high BMI-z. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V: cross-sectional descriptive study.
BACKGROUND: Motivation and self-regulation are two psychological systems that have been shown to be related to childhood obesity. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated independent and interactive associations of approach-oriented motivation (i.e., drive and reward responsiveness) and self-regulation (i.e., self-control and behavioral regulation) in relation to age- and sex-adjusted body mass index-z scores (BMI-z) in children. METHODS: Children (55% female; Mage = 12.5 years ± .93) completed questionnaires assessing motivation and self-regulation, and anthropometric measurements were taken by research staff cross-sectionally. RESULTS: Regressions revealed no independent associations of approach motivation or self-regulation and BMI-z. There were interactions between the drive facet of approach motivation, which assesses motivation to follow goals, and self-regulation in relation to BMI-z. Children with lower motivation to follow goals and lower self-regulation had higher BMI-z, and children with lower motivation to follow goals and higher self-regulation had lower BMI-z. Children with higher motivation to follow goals had similar BMI-z at all levels of self-regulation. CONCLUSION: For children with low motivation to follow goals, self-regulation may be an important buffer of high BMI-z. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V: cross-sectional descriptive study.
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