OBJECTIVE: The pattern of glomerulonephritis (GN) in Singapore is compared with that of 19 other countries to review changing trends in the evolution of GN in Asian, Eastern, and Western countries. METHOD: Three thousand two hundred and eighty-nine renal biopsies in Singapore were reviewed and compared with that of 19 other countries. RESULTS: IgA nephritis is on the decline in many countries, including Singapore, though it still remains the commonest GN in Singapore. Membranous GN that if used to be more frequently present in Western countries has also declined though it continues a rising trend in countries such as Singapore and China. Worldwide, the frequency of focal sclerosing glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) continues to increase in many countries, but in some countries, the frequency is still low with mesangiocapillary GN remaining indigenous. CONCLUSION: Urbanization and socioeconomic changes and less exposure to parasitic and other infestations have transformed Singapore's pattern, which is tending toward that of more developed countries. Antigenic exposure due to lifestyle changes, environmental, and industrial pollution are significant contributory factors that affect the evolutionary trend of GN in many countries. The rising trend in the frequency of FSGS may reflect aging and obesity.
OBJECTIVE: The pattern of glomerulonephritis (GN) in Singapore is compared with that of 19 other countries to review changing trends in the evolution of GN in Asian, Eastern, and Western countries. METHOD: Three thousand two hundred and eighty-nine renal biopsies in Singapore were reviewed and compared with that of 19 other countries. RESULTS: IgA nephritis is on the decline in many countries, including Singapore, though it still remains the commonest GN in Singapore. Membranous GN that if used to be more frequently present in Western countries has also declined though it continues a rising trend in countries such as Singapore and China. Worldwide, the frequency of focal sclerosing glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) continues to increase in many countries, but in some countries, the frequency is still low with mesangiocapillary GN remaining indigenous. CONCLUSION: Urbanization and socioeconomic changes and less exposure to parasitic and other infestations have transformed Singapore's pattern, which is tending toward that of more developed countries. Antigenic exposure due to lifestyle changes, environmental, and industrial pollution are significant contributory factors that affect the evolutionary trend of GN in many countries. The rising trend in the frequency of FSGS may reflect aging and obesity.
Authors: Balakrishnan Narasimhan; Bobby Chacko; George T John; Anila Korula; Meshach G Kirubakaran; Chakko K Jacob Journal: J Nephrol Date: 2006 Mar-Apr Impact factor: 3.902
Authors: Patricia Malafronte; Gianna Mastroianni-Kirsztajn; Gustavo N Betônico; João Egídio Romão; Maria Almerinda R Alves; Maria Fernanda Carvalho; Osvaldo M Viera Neto; Ricardo A M Cadaval; Ronaldo R Bérgamo; Viktória Woronik; Yvoty A S Sens; Mauro S M Marrocos; Rui T Barros Journal: Nephrol Dial Transplant Date: 2006-09-12 Impact factor: 5.992
Authors: Ivan Rychlík; Eva Jancová; Vladimír Tesar; Alexander Kolsky; Jirí Lácha; Josef Stejskal; Alena Stejskalová; Jirí Dusek; Vladimír Herout Journal: Nephrol Dial Transplant Date: 2004-10-26 Impact factor: 5.992
Authors: Wim Laurens; Dries Deleersnijder; Amélie Dendooven; Evelyne Lerut; An S De Vriese; Tom Dejagere; Mark Helbert; Rachel Hellemans; Priyanka Koshy; Bart Maes; Lissa Pipeleers; Amaryllis H Van Craenenbroeck; Steven Van Laecke; Johan Vande Walle; Marie M Coutteneye; Johan De Meester; Ben Sprangers Journal: Clin Kidney J Date: 2022-01-29
Authors: Bingileki F Lwezaula; Oluwatoyin I Ameh; Udeme E Ekrikpo; Francois Cj Botha; Ugochi S Okpechi-Samuel; Nicola Wearne; Pierre Ronco; Aminu K Bello; Ikechi G Okpechi Journal: BMC Nephrol Date: 2021-01-07 Impact factor: 2.388
Authors: Mustafa A Alhamoud; Ibrahim Z Salloot; Shamim S Mohiuddin; Turki M AlHarbi; Faisal Batouq; Naif Y Alfrayyan; Ahmad I Alhashem; Mohammad Alaskar Journal: Cureus Date: 2021-12-06