Kersti Pärna1. 1. Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Alcohol consumption has become a global health threat and there is need for an evidence-based global alcohol policy. This study aimed to describe alcohol consumption in parallel with alcohol policy in 2000-2017 in Estonia in the context of Baltic and Nordic countries. DESIGN AND METHODS: A review of routine statistics concerning alcohol consumption and the pertinent legislation in Estonia was performed. The measures used to assess the effects of alcohol policy were adult (15 and older) pure alcohol per capita consumption (APC) in litres, alcohol outlet densities and opening hours, taxes and the price of alcoholic beverages. RESULTS: Adult domestic APC in Estonia increased from 9.3 to 14.8 in 2000-2007 and thereafter decreased to 10.2 in 2016 (10.3 in 2017). Adult APC in Estonia was lower than that in Latvia and Lithuania but higher than that in Nordic countries. Since 2010, beer has been the most prevalent alcoholic beverage in Estonia. The density and opening hours of alcohol retail shops were much higher in Estonia and other Baltic countries than in Nordic countries. The alcohol retail price increased twice from 2006 to 2017 in Estonia, resulting in a double price difference with Latvia. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Evidence-based comprehensive alcohol policy should continue in Estonia. Based on the example of Nordic countries, more attention should be paid to the physical availability of alcohol in Estonia. In terms of economic availability, it is important to focus on the cross-border alcohol trade to achieve improvements in public health.
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Alcohol consumption has become a global health threat and there is need for an evidence-based global alcohol policy. This study aimed to describe alcohol consumption in parallel with alcohol policy in 2000-2017 in Estonia in the context of Baltic and Nordic countries. DESIGN AND METHODS: A review of routine statistics concerning alcohol consumption and the pertinent legislation in Estonia was performed. The measures used to assess the effects of alcohol policy were adult (15 and older) pure alcohol per capita consumption (APC) in litres, alcohol outlet densities and opening hours, taxes and the price of alcoholic beverages. RESULTS: Adult domestic APC in Estonia increased from 9.3 to 14.8 in 2000-2007 and thereafter decreased to 10.2 in 2016 (10.3 in 2017). Adult APC in Estonia was lower than that in Latvia and Lithuania but higher than that in Nordic countries. Since 2010, beer has been the most prevalent alcoholic beverage in Estonia. The density and opening hours of alcohol retail shops were much higher in Estonia and other Baltic countries than in Nordic countries. The alcohol retail price increased twice from 2006 to 2017 in Estonia, resulting in a double price difference with Latvia. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Evidence-based comprehensive alcohol policy should continue in Estonia. Based on the example of Nordic countries, more attention should be paid to the physical availability of alcohol in Estonia. In terms of economic availability, it is important to focus on the cross-border alcohol trade to achieve improvements in public health.
Authors: Jürgen Rehm; Maria Neufeld; Robin Room; Bundit Sornpaisarn; Mindaugas Štelemėkas; Monica H Swahn; Dirk W Lachenmeier Journal: Int J Drug Policy Date: 2021-08-27
Authors: Maria Neufeld; Anna Bunova; Boris Gornyi; Carina Ferreira-Borges; Anna Gerber; Daria Khaltourina; Elena Yurasova; Jürgen Rehm Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-11-09 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Pol Rovira; Gražina Belian; Carina Ferreira-Borges; Carolin Kilian; Maria Neufeld; Alexander Tran; Mindaugas Štelemėkas; Jürgen Rehm Journal: Nordisk Alkohol Nark Date: 2021-06-28