Cytoskeletal Signal-Regulated Oligodendrocyte Myelination and Remyelination.

Myelination and remyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) are essential for rapid conduction of action potentials and for appropriate neuronal communications supporting higher brain functions. Myelination is dependent on developmental stage and is controlled by neuronal axons-oligodendrocyte (OL) signaling. Numerous studies of the initial myelination and remyelination stages in the CNS have demonstrated several key cytoskeletal signals in axons and OLs. In this review, we focus on cytoskeletal signal-regulated OL myelination and remyelination, with particular attention to neuronal Notch proteins, bidirectional Eph/ephrin signaling, OL integrin and cadherin superfamily proteins, OL actin rearrangement, and OL tyrosine kinase Fyn substrate proteins during the initial myelination and remyelination stages in the CNS.