Lee Stoner1, Herman Pontzer2, Bethany Barone Gibbs3, Justin B Moore4, Nicholas Castro5, Paula Skidmore6, Sally Lark7, Michelle A Williams8, Michael J Hamlin9, James Faulkner10. 1. Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. Electronic address: dr.l.stoner@gmail.com. 2. Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC. 3. Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. 4. Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC. 5. School of Sport & Exercise, Massey University, Wellington, NZ; School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS. 6. Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christhcurch, NZ. 7. School of Sport & Exercise, Massey University, Wellington, NZ. 8. Depepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. 9. Department of Tourism, Sport and Society, Lincoln University, Christchurch, NZ. 10. Sport & Exercise, University of Winchester, Winchester, United Kingdom.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and fatness (overweight-obesity) with cardiometabolic disease risk among preadolescent children. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study recruited 392 children (50% female, 8-10 years of age). Overweight-obesity was classified according to 2007 World Health Organization criteria for body mass index. High CRF was categorized as a maximum oxygen uptake, determined using a shuttle run test, exceeding 35 mL·kg-1·minute-1 in girls and 42 mL·kg-1·minute-1 in boys. Eleven traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk factors were measured including lipids, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, peripheral and central blood pressure, and arterial wave reflection. Factor analysis identified underlying cardiometabolic disease risk factors and a cardiometabolic disease risk summary score. Two-way analysis of covariance determined the associations between CRF and fatness with cardiometabolic disease risk factors. RESULTS: Factor analysis revealed four underlying factors: blood pressure, cholesterol, vascular health, and carbohydrate-metabolism. Only CRF was significantly (P = .001) associated with the blood pressure factor. Only fatness associated with vascular health (P = .010) and carbohydrate metabolism (P = .005) factors. For the cardiometabolic disease risk summary score, there was an interaction effect. High CRF was associated with decreased cardiometabolic disease risk in overweight-obese but not normal weight children (P = .006). Conversely, high fatness was associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk in low fit but not high fit children (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: In preadolescent children, CRF and fatness explain different components of cardiometabolic disease risk. However, high CRF may moderate the relationship between fatness and cardiometabolic disease risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN 12614000433606.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and fatness (overweight-obesity) with cardiometabolic disease risk among preadolescent children. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study recruited 392 children (50% female, 8-10 years of age). Overweight-obesity was classified according to 2007 World Health Organization criteria for body mass index. High CRF was categorized as a maximum oxygen uptake, determined using a shuttle run test, exceeding 35 mL·kg-1·minute-1 in girls and 42 mL·kg-1·minute-1 in boys. Eleven traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk factors were measured including lipids, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, peripheral and central blood pressure, and arterial wave reflection. Factor analysis identified underlying cardiometabolic disease risk factors and a cardiometabolic disease risk summary score. Two-way analysis of covariance determined the associations between CRF and fatness with cardiometabolic disease risk factors. RESULTS: Factor analysis revealed four underlying factors: blood pressure, cholesterol, vascular health, and carbohydrate-metabolism. Only CRF was significantly (P = .001) associated with the blood pressure factor. Only fatness associated with vascular health (P = .010) and carbohydrate metabolism (P = .005) factors. For the cardiometabolic disease risk summary score, there was an interaction effect. High CRF was associated with decreased cardiometabolic disease risk in overweight-obese but not normal weight children (P = .006). Conversely, high fatness was associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk in low fit but not high fit children (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: In preadolescent children, CRF and fatness explain different components of cardiometabolic disease risk. However, high CRF may moderate the relationship between fatness and cardiometabolic disease risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN 12614000433606.
Authors: Ana Paula Sehn; Caroline Brand; Letícia Welser; Anelise Reis Gaya; Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho; Carlos Cristi-Montero; Elza Daniel de Mello; Cézane Priscila Reuter Journal: BMC Pediatr Date: 2021-05-17 Impact factor: 2.125
Authors: Gerardo Weisstaub; María Angelica Gonzalez Bravo; Antonio García-Hermoso; Gabriela Salazar; José Francisco López-Gil Journal: Transl Pediatr Date: 2022-07