James L Hadler1, Paula Clogher1, Tanya Libby2, Elisha Wilson3, Nadine Oosmanally4, Patricia Ryan5, Luke Magnuson6, Sarah Lathrop7, Suzanne Mcguire8, Paul Cieslak9, Melissa Fankhauser10, Logan Ray11, Aimee Geissler11, Sharon Hurd1. 1. Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 2. California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California, USA. 3. Emerging Infections Program, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA. 4. Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. 5. Emerging Infections Program, Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 6. Emerging Infections Program, Minnesota Department of Health, St Paul, Minnesota, USA. 7. Emerging Infections Program, New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. 8. Emerging Infections Program, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA. 9. Emerging Infections Program, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon, USA. 10. Emerging Infections Program, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 11. Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The relationships between socioeconomic status and domestically acquired salmonellosis and leading Salmonella serotypes are poorly understood. METHODS: We analyzed surveillance data from laboratory-confirmed cases of salmonellosis from 2010-2016 for all 10 Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites, having a catchment population of 47.9 million. Case residential data were geocoded, linked to census tract poverty level, and then categorized into 4 groups according to census tract poverty level. After excluding those reporting international travel before illness onset, age-specific and age-adjusted salmonellosis incidence rates were calculated for each census tract poverty level, overall and for each of the 10 leading serotypes. RESULTS: Of 52 821geocodable Salmonella infections (>96%), 48 111 (91.1%) were domestically acquired. Higher age-adjusted incidence occurred with higher census tract poverty level (P < .001; relative risk for highest [≥20%] vs lowest [<5%] census tract poverty level, 1.37). Children <5 years old had the highest relative risk (2.07). Although this relationship was consistent by race/ethnicity and by serotype, it was not present in 5 FoodNet sites or among those aged 18-49 years. CONCLUSION: Children and older adults living in higher-poverty census tracts have had a higher incidence of domestically acquired salmonellosis. There is a need to understand socioeconomic status differences for risk factors for domestically acquired salmonellosis by age group and FoodNet site to help focus prevention efforts. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
BACKGROUND: The relationships between socioeconomic status and domestically acquired salmonellosis and leading Salmonella serotypes are poorly understood. METHODS: We analyzed surveillance data from laboratory-confirmed cases of salmonellosis from 2010-2016 for all 10 Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites, having a catchment population of 47.9 million. Case residential data were geocoded, linked to census tract poverty level, and then categorized into 4 groups according to census tract poverty level. After excluding those reporting international travel before illness onset, age-specific and age-adjusted salmonellosis incidence rates were calculated for each census tract poverty level, overall and for each of the 10 leading serotypes. RESULTS: Of 52 821geocodable Salmonella infections (>96%), 48 111 (91.1%) were domestically acquired. Higher age-adjusted incidence occurred with higher census tract poverty level (P < .001; relative risk for highest [≥20%] vs lowest [<5%] census tract poverty level, 1.37). Children <5 years old had the highest relative risk (2.07). Although this relationship was consistent by race/ethnicity and by serotype, it was not present in 5 FoodNet sites or among those aged 18-49 years. CONCLUSION:Children and older adults living in higher-poverty census tracts have had a higher incidence of domestically acquired salmonellosis. There is a need to understand socioeconomic status differences for risk factors for domestically acquired salmonellosis by age group and FoodNet site to help focus prevention efforts. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
Authors: Michele E Morgado; Chengsheng Jiang; Amy R Sapkota; Amir Sapkota; Jordan Zambrana; Crystal Romeo Upperman; Clifford Mitchell; Michelle Boyle Journal: Environ Health Date: 2021-09-18 Impact factor: 7.123