Scott A Langenecker1, Leah R Kling2, Natania A Crane2, Stephanie M Gorka2, Robin Nusslock3, Katherine S F Damme3, Jessica Weafer4, Harriet de Wit5, K Luan Phan6. 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: s.langenecker@hsc.utah.edu. 2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. 3. Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Swift Hall 102, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Billings Hospital, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. 5. Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 171 Funkhouser Drive Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA. 6. Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Mental Health Service Line, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 820 S Damen Ave, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, OSU Harding Hospital, 1670 Upham Drive, Suite 130, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Drug addiction and dependence continue as an unresolved source of morbidity and mortality. Two approaches to identifying risk for abuse and addiction are psychopharmacological challenge studies and neuroimaging experiments. The present study combined these two approaches by examining associations between self-reported euphoria or liking after a dose of d-amphetamine and neural-based responses to anticipation of a monetary reward. METHODS:Healthy young adults (N = 73) aged 19 and 26, without any history of alcohol/substance dependence completed four laboratory sessions in which they receivedoral d-amphetamine (20 mg) or placebo, and completed drug effect questionnaires. On a separate session they underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan while they completed a monetary incentive delay task. During the task, we recorded neural signal related to anticipation of winning $5 or $1.50 compared to winning no money (WinMoney-WinZero), in reward related regions. RESULTS: Liking of amphetamine during the drug sessions was related to differences in activation during the WinMoney-WinZero conditions - in the amygdala (positive), insula (negative) and caudate (negative). In posthoc analyses, liking of amphetamine was also positively correlated with activation of the amygdala during anticipation of large rewards and negatively related to activation of the left insula to both small and large anticipated rewards. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that individual differences in key regions of the reward network are related to rewarding subjective effects of a stimulant drug. To further clarify these relationships, future pharmacofMRI studies could probe the influence of amphetamine at the neural level during reward anticipation.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Drug addiction and dependence continue as an unresolved source of morbidity and mortality. Two approaches to identifying risk for abuse and addiction are psychopharmacological challenge studies and neuroimaging experiments. The present study combined these two approaches by examining associations between self-reported euphoria or liking after a dose of d-amphetamine and neural-based responses to anticipation of a monetary reward. METHODS: Healthy young adults (N = 73) aged 19 and 26, without any history of alcohol/substance dependence completed four laboratory sessions in which they received oral d-amphetamine (20 mg) or placebo, and completed drug effect questionnaires. On a separate session they underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan while they completed a monetary incentive delay task. During the task, we recorded neural signal related to anticipation of winning $5 or $1.50 compared to winning no money (WinMoney-WinZero), in reward related regions. RESULTS: Liking of amphetamine during the drug sessions was related to differences in activation during the WinMoney-WinZero conditions - in the amygdala (positive), insula (negative) and caudate (negative). In posthoc analyses, liking of amphetamine was also positively correlated with activation of the amygdala during anticipation of large rewards and negatively related to activation of the left insula to both small and large anticipated rewards. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that individual differences in key regions of the reward network are related to rewarding subjective effects of a stimulant drug. To further clarify these relationships, future pharmacofMRI studies could probe the influence of amphetamine at the neural level during reward anticipation.
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