The effect of Bacillus subtilis Vru1 encapsulated in alginate - bentonite coating enriched with titanium nanoparticles against Rhizoctonia solani on bean.

This research investigated the colonization efficiency and survival rate of nanoencapsulated Bacillus subtilis Vru1 prepared with sodium alginate (NaAlg), starch and bentonite and, their efficiency for controlling Rhizoctonia solani. The XRD and FTIR analysis in this research indicated the absence of chemical reactions, and correct mixing efficiency was funded with alginate, bentonite and starch. The highest release of B. subtilis Vru1 was 4 × 109 in 45th day of storage. The quantity of colonization by B. subtilis Vru1 nanocapsules was lower than that of free B. subtilis Vru1 at days 5-20 and was significantly higher than that of free B. subtilis VRU1 and encapsulated B. subtilis VRU1 without Titanium dioxide nanoparticle, after day 35. This level was maintained for up to 45th day. The results of this experiments indicated that the highest and lowest inhibition of R. solani on bean observed in Vru1 nanocapsules with 90% and free Vru1 with 60% respectively. and Vru1 capsule without titanium nanoparticles (TNs) decreased the disease by 75%. The nanoencapsulated B. subtilis Vru1 strain significantly increased the bean vegetative growth parameters. This finding was probably attributed to the enhancement in the number of the bacterium and the high level of metabolite production such as indole-3-acetic acid. Thus, nanocapsule formulation is a potential alternative for sustainable agriculture.