Taís M Campos1,2, Fernanda O Novais3, Maíra Saldanha4, Rúbia Costa2, Morgana Lordelo5, Daniela Celestino2, Camilla Sampaio1,2, Natália Tavares5, Sérgio Arruda4, Paulo Machado2,6, Cláudia Brodskyn5, Phillip Scott3, Edgar M Carvalho1,2,6, Lucas P Carvalho1,2,6. 1. Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil. 2. Serviço de Imunologia, Complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil. 3. Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. 4. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil. 5. Laboratório de Interação Parasito-Hospedeiro e Epidemiologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil. 6. Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Skin lesions from patients infected with Leishmania braziliensis has been associated with inflammation induced by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. In addition, CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity has not been linked to parasite killing. Meanwhile, the cytotoxic role played by natural killer (NK) cells in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains poorly understood. METHODS: In this study, we observed higher frequencies of NK cells in the peripheral blood of CL patients compared with healthy subjects, and that NK cells expressed more interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granzyme B, and perforin than CD8+ T cells. RESULTS: We also found that most of the cytotoxic activity in CL lesions was triggered by NK cells, and that the high levels of granzyme B produced in CL lesions was associated with larger lesion size. Furthermore, an in vitro blockade of granzyme B was observed to decrease TNF production. CONCCLUSIONS: Our data, taken together, suggest an important role by NK cells in inducing inflammation in CL, thereby contributing to disease immunopathology.
BACKGROUND:Skin lesions from patientsinfected with Leishmania braziliensis has been associated with inflammation induced by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. In addition, CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity has not been linked to parasite killing. Meanwhile, the cytotoxic role played by natural killer (NK) cells in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains poorly understood. METHODS: In this study, we observed higher frequencies of NK cells in the peripheral blood of CLpatients compared with healthy subjects, and that NK cells expressed more interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granzyme B, and perforin than CD8+ T cells. RESULTS: We also found that most of the cytotoxic activity in CL lesions was triggered by NK cells, and that the high levels of granzyme B produced in CL lesions was associated with larger lesion size. Furthermore, an in vitro blockade of granzyme B was observed to decrease TNF production. CONCCLUSIONS: Our data, taken together, suggest an important role by NK cells in inducing inflammation in CL, thereby contributing to disease immunopathology.
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