Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of mogrol derivatives as a novel class of AMPKα2β1γ1 activators.

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been considered as a promising drug target for its regulation in both glucose and lipid metabolism. Mogrol was originally identified from high throughput screening as a small molecule activator of AMPK subtype α2β1γ1. In order to enhance its potency on AMPK and summarize the structure-activity relationships, a series of mogrol derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated in pharmacological AMPK activation assays. The results showed that the amine derivatives at the 24-position can improve the potency. Among them, compounds 3 and 4 exhibited the best potency (EC50: 0.15 and 0.14 μM) which was 20 times more potent than mogrol (EC50: 3.0 μM).