Omar Salman1, Simon R Procter1, Callum McGregor1, Proma Paul1, Raymond Hutubessy2, Joy E Lawn1, Mark Jit1,3,4. 1. From the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London, United Kingdom. 2. Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. 3. Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom. 4. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sepsis and meningitis in neonates and infants are a source of substantial morbidity, mortality and economic loss. The objective of this review is to estimate the acute costs associated with treating sepsis, meningitis and meningococcal septicemia, in neonates and infants, worldwide. METHODS: The electronic databases Medline, Embase and EconLit were searched and exported on November 24, 2018. Studies that reported an average hospitalization cost for confirmed cases of sepsis, meningitis or meningococcal septicemia were eligible for our review. Descriptive data were extracted and reported costs were inflated and converted. A narrative synthesis of the costs was conducted. RESULTS: Our review identified 20 studies reporting costs of sepsis, meningitis and/or meningococcal septicemia. Costs ranged from $55 to $129,632 for sepsis and from $222 to $33,635 for meningitis (in 2017 US dollars). One study estimated the cost of meningococcal septicemia to be $56,286. All reported costs were estimated from the perspective of the healthcare provider or payer. Most studies were from the United States, which also had the highest costs. Only a few studies were identified for low- and middle-income countries, which reported lower costs than high-income countries for both sepsis and meningitis. CONCLUSIONS: Sepsis and meningitis in neonates and infants are associated with substantial costs to the healthcare system and showed a marked difference across global income groups. However, more research is needed to inform costs in low- and middle-income settings and to understand the economic costs borne by families and wider society.
BACKGROUND:Sepsis and meningitis in neonates and infants are a source of substantial morbidity, mortality and economic loss. The objective of this review is to estimate the acute costs associated with treating sepsis, meningitis and meningococcal septicemia, in neonates and infants, worldwide. METHODS: The electronic databases Medline, Embase and EconLit were searched and exported on November 24, 2018. Studies that reported an average hospitalization cost for confirmed cases of sepsis, meningitis or meningococcal septicemia were eligible for our review. Descriptive data were extracted and reported costs were inflated and converted. A narrative synthesis of the costs was conducted. RESULTS: Our review identified 20 studies reporting costs of sepsis, meningitis and/or meningococcal septicemia. Costs ranged from $55 to $129,632 for sepsis and from $222 to $33,635 for meningitis (in 2017 US dollars). One study estimated the cost of meningococcal septicemia to be $56,286. All reported costs were estimated from the perspective of the healthcare provider or payer. Most studies were from the United States, which also had the highest costs. Only a few studies were identified for low- and middle-income countries, which reported lower costs than high-income countries for both sepsis and meningitis. CONCLUSIONS:Sepsis and meningitis in neonates and infants are associated with substantial costs to the healthcare system and showed a marked difference across global income groups. However, more research is needed to inform costs in low- and middle-income settings and to understand the economic costs borne by families and wider society.
Authors: Proma Paul; Simon R Procter; Mark Jit; Joy E Lawn; Ziyaad Dangor; Quique Bassat; Amina Abubakar; Sridhar Santhanam; Romina Libster; Bronner P Gonçalves; Shabir A Madhi; Azucena Bardají; Eva Mwangome; Adam Mabrouk; Hima B John; Clara Sánchez Yanotti; Jaya Chandna; Pamela Sithole; Humberto Mucasse; Patrick V Katana; Artemis Koukounari; Lois M Harden; Celine Aerts; Azra Ghoor; Shannon Leahy; Sibongile Mbatha; Sarah Lowick; Sanjay G Lala; Justina Bramugy; Charles Newton; A K M Tanvir Hossain; Qazi Sadeq-Ur Rahman; Philipp Lambach Journal: Gates Open Res Date: 2021-07-19