18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Assessing Tumor Response to Immunotherapy in Solid Tumors: Melanoma and Beyond.

The complexity of the immune response and diversity of targets challenges conventional conceptual frameworks used in selecting and monitoring treatment with immune check-point inhibitors. The limitations of anatomic imaging in assessing response have been recognized. Varying patterns of response have been recognized. These patterns have different implications for the continuation and duration of therapy. Evidence supporting the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography as a prognostic biomarker and in characterizing response is presented. An added benefit of this approach is the ability to detect immune-related inflammatory reactions, often in advance of severe or life-threatening clinical manifestations.