Muhammad Asif1, Asia Parveen2, Sehrish Ashraf2, Mureed Hussain1, Munir Aktas3, Sezayi Ozubek3, Rehan Sadiq Shaikh4, Furhan Iqbal5. 1. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan. 2. Zoology Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan. 3. Department of Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, Fırat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey. 4. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan. rehansadiq80@bzu.edu.pk. 5. Zoology Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan. furhan.iqbal@bzu.edu.pk.
Abstract
AIM: The present study was designed to check the molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in blood samples of horses and donkeys collected from Dera Ghazi Khan District in Punjab and to document their phylogenetic origin and their association with studied epidemiological factors (sex and age) and complete blood count parameters, if any. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 195 blood samples were collected from apparently healthy horses (N = 141) and donkeys (N = 54). A. marginale DNA was detected by PCR in 4.9% (7/141) horse and in 9.2% (5/54) of donkey blood samples. Prevalence of T. annulata was 5.6% (8/141) and 11.1% (6/54) in horse and donkey samples, respectively. While 1.4% (N = 2) horses and 3.7% (N = 2) donkeys were found co-infected with both parasites. Representative amplicon for both parasites was confirmed by DNA sequenced and partial DNA sequence of the major surface protein-1b encoding gene of A. marginale and cytochrome b gene from T. annulata were submitted to the GenBank database under the accession number MK792344-MK792348. Epidemiological data analysis revealed that female horses were more prone to A. marginale (P = 0.02) while female donkeys were more susceptible to A. marginale (P < 0.001) and T. annulata (P < 0.001) infection. It was observed that horse and donkey infected either with Anaplasma marginale or Theileria annulata had significantly disturbed red and white blood cell counts and their associated parameters. CONCLUSION: This is a first ever study regarding molecular detection of A. marginale and T. annulata in equine blood samples from Pakistan. We recommend that this multiplex PCR protocol should be used for the detection of Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in livestock for their proper diagnosis and treatment.
AIM: The present study was designed to check the molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in blood samples of horses and donkeys collected from Dera Ghazi Khan District in Punjab and to document their phylogenetic origin and their association with studied epidemiological factors (sex and age) and complete blood count parameters, if any. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 195 blood samples were collected from apparently healthy horses (N = 141) and donkeys (N = 54). A. marginale DNA was detected by PCR in 4.9% (7/141) horse and in 9.2% (5/54) of donkey blood samples. Prevalence of T. annulata was 5.6% (8/141) and 11.1% (6/54) in horse and donkey samples, respectively. While 1.4% (N = 2) horses and 3.7% (N = 2) donkeys were found co-infected with both parasites. Representative amplicon for both parasites was confirmed by DNA sequenced and partial DNA sequence of the major surface protein-1b encoding gene of A. marginale and cytochrome b gene from T. annulata were submitted to the GenBank database under the accession number MK792344-MK792348. Epidemiological data analysis revealed that female horses were more prone to A. marginale (P = 0.02) while female donkeys were more susceptible to A. marginale (P < 0.001) and T. annulata (P < 0.001) infection. It was observed that horse and donkey infected either with Anaplasma marginale or Theileria annulata had significantly disturbed red and white blood cell counts and their associated parameters. CONCLUSION: This is a first ever study regarding molecular detection of A. marginale and T. annulata in equine blood samples from Pakistan. We recommend that this multiplex PCR protocol should be used for the detection of Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in livestock for their proper diagnosis and treatment.
Authors: A Torina; A Alongi; V Naranjo; S Scimeca; S Nicosia; V Di Marco; S Caracappa; K M Kocan; J de la Fuente Journal: Ann N Y Acad Sci Date: 2008-12 Impact factor: 5.691
Authors: Farhan Ahmad Atif; Rao Zahid Abbas; Saba Mehnaz; Muhmmad Fiaz Qamar; Kashif Hussain; Muhammad Usman Nazir; Muhammad Arfan Zaman; Aman Ullah Khan; Mourad Ben Said Journal: Trop Anim Health Prod Date: 2022-04-01 Impact factor: 1.559