BACKGROUND: Demodex spp. mites are the most complex member of the human skin microbiome. Mostly they are commensals, although their pathophysiological role in inflammatory dermatoses is recognized. Demodex mites cannot be cultivated in vitro, so only little is known about their life cycle, biology and physiology. Different bacterial species have been suggested to be the endobacterium of Demodex mites, including Bacillus oleronius, B. simplex, B. cereus and B. pumilus. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to find the true endobacterium of human Demodex mites. METHODS: The distinct genetic and phenotypic differences and similarities between the type strain and native isolates are described by DNA sequencing, PCR, MALDI-TOF, DNA-DNA hybridization, fatty and mycolic acid analyses, and antibiotic resistance testing. RESULTS: We report the true endobacterium of Demodex folliculorum, independent of the sampling source of mites or life stage: Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii subsp. demodicis. CONCLUSIONS: We anticipate our finding to be a starting point for more in-depth understanding of the tripartite microbe-host interaction between Demodex mites, its bacterial endosymbiont and the human host.
BACKGROUND: Demodex spp. mites are the most complex member of the human skin microbiome. Mostly they are commensals, although their pathophysiological role in inflammatory dermatoses is recognized. Demodex mites cannot be cultivated in vitro, so only little is known about their life cycle, biology and physiology. Different bacterial species have been suggested to be the endobacterium of Demodex mites, including Bacillus oleronius, B. simplex, B. cereus and B. pumilus. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to find the true endobacterium of human Demodex mites. METHODS: The distinct genetic and phenotypic differences and similarities between the type strain and native isolates are described by DNA sequencing, PCR, MALDI-TOF, DNA-DNA hybridization, fatty and mycolic acid analyses, and antibiotic resistance testing. RESULTS: We report the true endobacterium of Demodex folliculorum, independent of the sampling source of mites or life stage: Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii subsp. demodicis. CONCLUSIONS: We anticipate our finding to be a starting point for more in-depth understanding of the tripartite microbe-host interaction between Demodex mites, its bacterial endosymbiont and the human host.
Authors: Leonie Frommherz; Markus Reinholz; Anne Gürtler; Pia-Charlotte Stadler; Till Kaemmerer; Lars French; Benjamin M Clanner-Engelshofen Journal: An Bras Dermatol Date: 2022-09-13 Impact factor: 2.113
Authors: Miquel Rozas; Astrid Hart de Ruijter; Maria Jose Fabrega; Amine Zorgani; Marc Guell; Bernhard Paetzold; Francois Brillet Journal: Microorganisms Date: 2021-03-18