Matthew B Kaspar1, Kerstin Austin2, Martin Huecker3, Menaka Sarav4. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 East Broad Street, P.O. Box 980509, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. matthew.kaspar@vcuhealth.org. 2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. 3. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA. 4. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, NorthShore University Health System, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the available literature/evidence on low carbohydrate/high fat (LCHF) and low carbohydrate ketogenic (LCKD) diets' effects on human athletic performance and to provide a brief review of the physiology and history of energy systems of exercise. RECENT FINDINGS: Multiple studies have been conducted in an attempt to answer this question, many within the last 3-5 years. Studies are heterogenous in design, intervention, and outcome measures. Current available data show that LCHF and LCKD do not significantly enhance or impair performance in endurance or strength activities. However, there is a trend towards improved body composition (greater percent lean body mass) across multiple studies. While this may not translate to enhanced performance in the primarily laboratory conditions in the reviewed studies, there could be a benefit in sports in which an athlete's strength-to-weight ratio is a significant determinant of outcome.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the available literature/evidence on low carbohydrate/high fat (LCHF) and low carbohydrate ketogenic (LCKD) diets' effects on human athletic performance and to provide a brief review of the physiology and history of energy systems of exercise. RECENT FINDINGS: Multiple studies have been conducted in an attempt to answer this question, many within the last 3-5 years. Studies are heterogenous in design, intervention, and outcome measures. Current available data show that LCHF and LCKD do not significantly enhance or impair performance in endurance or strength activities. However, there is a trend towards improved body composition (greater percent lean body mass) across multiple studies. While this may not translate to enhanced performance in the primarily laboratory conditions in the reviewed studies, there could be a benefit in sports in which an athlete's strength-to-weight ratio is a significant determinant of outcome.
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