Literature DB >> 31707497

Extremophiles: a special or general case in the search for extra-terrestrial life?

Ian von Hegner1.   

Abstract

Since time immemorial life has been viewed as fragile, yet over the past few decades it has been found that many extreme environments are inhabited by organisms known as extremophiles. Knowledge of their emergence, adaptability, and limitations seems to provide a guideline for the search of extra-terrestrial life, since some extremophiles presumably can survive in extreme environments such as Mars, Europa, and Enceladus. Due to physico-chemical constraints, the first life necessarily came into existence at the lower limit of its conceivable complexity. Thus, the first life could not have been an extremophile; furthermore, since biological evolution occurs over time, then the dual knowledge regarding what specific extremophiles are capable of, and to the analogue environment on extreme worlds, will not be sufficient as a search criterion. This is because, even though an extremophile can live in an extreme environment here-and-now, its ancestor however could not live in that very same environment in the past, which means that no contemporary extremophiles exist in that environment. Furthermore, a theoretical framework should be able to predict whether extremophiles can be considered a special or general case in the galaxy. Thus, a question is raised: does Earth's continuous habitability represent an extreme or average value for planets? Thus, dependent on whether it is difficult or easy for worlds to maintain the habitability, the search for extra-terrestrial life with a focus on extremophiles will either represent a search for dying worlds, or a search for special life on living worlds, focusing too narrowly on extreme values.

Entities:  

Keywords:  Astrobiology; Biological evolution; Complexity distribution; Inhabitability

Mesh:

Year:  2019        PMID: 31707497     DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01144-1

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Extremophiles        ISSN: 1431-0651            Impact factor:   2.395


  19 in total

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Authors: 
Journal:  Science       Date:  1999-04-30       Impact factor: 47.728

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Authors:  Christopher F Chyba; Cynthia B Phillips
Journal:  Orig Life Evol Biosph       Date:  2002-02       Impact factor: 1.950

3.  Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon.

Authors:  Elizabeth A Bell; Patrick Boehnke; T Mark Harrison; Wendy L Mao
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  2015-10-19       Impact factor: 11.205

4.  Toward automatic reconstruction of a highly resolved tree of life.

Authors:  Francesca D Ciccarelli; Tobias Doerks; Christian von Mering; Christopher J Creevey; Berend Snel; Peer Bork
Journal:  Science       Date:  2006-03-03       Impact factor: 47.728

Review 5.  Microbial extremophiles at the limits of life.

Authors:  Elena V Pikuta; Richard B Hoover; Jane Tang
Journal:  Crit Rev Microbiol       Date:  2007       Impact factor: 7.624

6.  The Paleoproterozoic snowball Earth: a climate disaster triggered by the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis.

Authors:  Robert E Kopp; Joseph L Kirschvink; Isaac A Hilburn; Cody Z Nash
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  2005-08-01       Impact factor: 11.205

Review 7.  The limits for life under multiple extremes.

Authors:  Jesse P Harrison; Nicolas Gheeraert; Dmitry Tsigelnitskiy; Charles S Cockell
Journal:  Trends Microbiol       Date:  2013-02-27       Impact factor: 17.079

8.  Gene transfer to the desiccation-tolerant cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis.

Authors:  D Billi; E I Friedmann; R F Helm; M Potts
Journal:  J Bacteriol       Date:  2001-04       Impact factor: 3.490

9.  Repair of irradiation transforming deoxyribonucleic acid in wild type and a radiation-sensitive mutant of Micrococcus radiodurans.

Authors:  B E Moseley; A Mattingly
Journal:  J Bacteriol       Date:  1971-03       Impact factor: 3.490

10.  Single cell genomics indicates horizontal gene transfer and viral infections in a deep subsurface Firmicutes population.

Authors:  Jessica M Labonté; Erin K Field; Maggie Lau; Dylan Chivian; Esta Van Heerden; K Eric Wommack; Thomas L Kieft; Tullis C Onstott; Ramunas Stepanauskas
Journal:  Front Microbiol       Date:  2015-04-22       Impact factor: 5.640

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  2 in total

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Review 2.  Out of Thin Air? Astrobiology and Atmospheric Chemotrophy.

Authors:  Don A Cowan; Belinda C Ferrari; Christopher P McKay
Journal:  Astrobiology       Date:  2022-01-13       Impact factor: 4.335

  2 in total

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