Amanda M Kutz1, Alison G Marsh2, Craig G Gunderson2,3, Shira Maguen4,5, Robin M Masheb2,6. 1. VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. Amanda.kutz@va.gov. 2. VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. 4. San Francisco VA Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA. 6. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Eating disorders affect upwards of 30 million people worldwide and often go undertreated and underdiagnosed. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Sick, Control, One, Fat and Food (SCOFF) questionnaire for DSM-5 eating disorders in the general population. METHOD: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) were followed. A PubMed search was conducted among peer-reviewed articles. Information regarding validation of the SCOFF was required for inclusion. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. RESULTS: The final analysis included 25 studies. The validity of the SCOFF was high across samples with a pooled sensitivity of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78-0.91) and specificity of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.77-0.88). Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the impact of methodology, study quality, and clinical characteristics on diagnostic accuracy. Studies with the highest sensitivity tended to be case-control studies of young women with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Studies which included more men, included those diagnosed with binge eating disorder, and recruited from large community samples tended to have lower sensitivity. Few studies reported on BMI and race/ethnicity; thus, subgroups for these factors could not be examined. No studies used reference standards which assessed all DSM-5 eating disorders. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis of 25 validation studies demonstrates that the SCOFF is a simple and useful screening tool for young women at risk for AN and BN. However, there is not enough evidence to support utilizing the SCOFF for screening for the range of DSM-5 eating disorders in primary care and community-based settings. Further examination of the validity of the SCOFF or development of a new screening tool, or multiple tools, to screen for the range of DSM-5 eating disorders heterogenous populations is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is registered online with PROSPERO (CRD42018089906).
BACKGROUND: Eating disorders affect upwards of 30 million people worldwide and often go undertreated and underdiagnosed. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Sick, Control, One, Fat and Food (SCOFF) questionnaire for DSM-5 eating disorders in the general population. METHOD: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) were followed. A PubMed search was conducted among peer-reviewed articles. Information regarding validation of the SCOFF was required for inclusion. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. RESULTS: The final analysis included 25 studies. The validity of the SCOFF was high across samples with a pooled sensitivity of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78-0.91) and specificity of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.77-0.88). Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the impact of methodology, study quality, and clinical characteristics on diagnostic accuracy. Studies with the highest sensitivity tended to be case-control studies of young women with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Studies which included more men, included those diagnosed with binge eating disorder, and recruited from large community samples tended to have lower sensitivity. Few studies reported on BMI and race/ethnicity; thus, subgroups for these factors could not be examined. No studies used reference standards which assessed all DSM-5 eating disorders. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis of 25 validation studies demonstrates that the SCOFF is a simple and useful screening tool for young women at risk for AN and BN. However, there is not enough evidence to support utilizing the SCOFF for screening for the range of DSM-5 eating disorders in primary care and community-based settings. Further examination of the validity of the SCOFF or development of a new screening tool, or multiple tools, to screen for the range of DSM-5 eating disorders heterogenous populations is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is registered online with PROSPERO (CRD42018089906).
Entities:
Keywords:
SCOFF; diagnostic test accuracy; eating disorders; screening; systematic review
Authors: Kelly A Romano; Sarah K Lipson; Ariel L Beccia; Paula A Quatromoni; Allegra R Gordon; Jose Murgueitio Journal: Int J Eat Disord Date: 2022-03-26 Impact factor: 5.791
Authors: Patrícia Paiva de O Galvão; Juliana Y Valente; Jacqueline N Millon; Márcia H S Melo; Sheila C Caetano; Hugo Cogo-Moreira; Jair J Mari; Zila M Sanchez Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2021-06-18