Belén Sanz-Barbero1,2,3, Ana Rico Gómez4, Alba Ayala4, Patricia Recio5,6, Encarnación Sarriá5,6, Manuel Díaz-Olalla7, María Victoria Zunzunegui4. 1. National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Avda. Monforte de Lemos nº5, pabellón 7, 28029, Madrid, Spain. bsanz@isciii.es. 2. CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos nº5, Madrid, Spain. bsanz@isciii.es. 3. Joint Research Institute National Distance Education University and Health Institute Carlos III (IMIENS), Avenida Monforte de Lemos nº5, Madrid, Spain. bsanz@isciii.es. 4. National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Avda. Monforte de Lemos nº5, pabellón 7, 28029, Madrid, Spain. 5. Joint Research Institute National Distance Education University and Health Institute Carlos III (IMIENS), Avenida Monforte de Lemos nº5, Madrid, Spain. 6. National Distance Education University (UNED), Calle Juan del Rosal 10, Madrid, Spain. 7. Institute of Public Health, Madrid Salud, City Council of Madrid, Avenida Mediterraneo 62, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: As reported in other high-income countries, around the 2008 Great Recession the Spanish banking sector engaged abusive practices that satisfy the definition of fraud. Our objective is to examine the association between self-reported bank fraud and physical health, using a gender perspective. METHODS: With data from the 2017 Madrid Health Survey, we examined the association between the economic impact of fraud and poor self-rated health (SRH), comorbidity and pain (N = 4425). Interactions of time since fraud and sex with economic impact were tested by Poisson regression models with robust variance. RESULTS: In total, 11% of adults in Madrid reported bank fraud since 2006. Among men, those who experienced frauds with severe economic impact were more likely to report adverse health than those who did not experience fraud (PR comorbidity: 1.46; PR pain conditions: 2.17). Among men time elapsed since fraud strengthened the association between severe economic impact and poor SRH (p = 0.022; p = 0.006, respectively). Among women, associations did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Bank frauds are an emerging phenomenon which is likely to damage public health. Stricter regulation to protect people from fraudulent bank practices is needed.
OBJECTIVES: As reported in other high-income countries, around the 2008 Great Recession the Spanish banking sector engaged abusive practices that satisfy the definition of fraud. Our objective is to examine the association between self-reported bank fraud and physical health, using a gender perspective. METHODS: With data from the 2017 Madrid Health Survey, we examined the association between the economic impact of fraud and poor self-rated health (SRH), comorbidity and pain (N = 4425). Interactions of time since fraud and sex with economic impact were tested by Poisson regression models with robust variance. RESULTS: In total, 11% of adults in Madrid reported bank fraud since 2006. Among men, those who experienced frauds with severe economic impact were more likely to report adverse health than those who did not experience fraud (PR comorbidity: 1.46; PR pain conditions: 2.17). Among men time elapsed since fraud strengthened the association between severe economic impact and poor SRH (p = 0.022; p = 0.006, respectively). Among women, associations did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Bank frauds are an emerging phenomenon which is likely to damage public health. Stricter regulation to protect people from fraudulent bank practices is needed.
Entities:
Keywords:
Financial fraud; Self-rated health; Spain; Stressful live events
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