Oliver Kuss1,2, Wolfgang Rathmann3,4. 1. Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. oliver.kuss@ddz.de. 2. Institute of Medical Statistics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. oliver.kuss@ddz.de. 3. Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. 4. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Munich, Germany.