Cystic fibrosis related diabetes: Nutrition and growth considerations.

Nutritional considerations are crucial to the optimal management of cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD). The development of abnormal glucose tolerance and CFRD can have negative effects on CF nutritional status. Treatment of CFRD with insulin replacement is essential; however, medical nutrition therapy is important to maintain nutritional status while normalizing blood glucose levels. CF Foundation Nutritional Guidelines are recommended for the nutritional management of CFRD; specifically, the diet should be high in calories, protein, fat, and salt. Carbohydrate intake is not limited, but carbohydrate counting can be used to guide insulin dosing and maintain consistent blood glucose levels. CFTR modulator therapy shows early promise for the improvement of growth and nutritional parameters in CF.