Bing-Yu Chen1, Chi-Hsien Chen2, Yu-Chen Chuang2, Ying-Hsuan Wu2, Shih-Chun Pan3, Yue Leon Guo4. 1. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan. 2. Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 3. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. 4. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: leonguo@ntu.edu.tw.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exposure to ambient fine particles, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), is a public health concern. Concentrations of ambient PM2.5 have changed temporally in the past 10 years after a series of action policies for improving air quality were implemented in Taiwan. In this study, temporal changes in the relationship between PM2.5 and lung function among children were investigated. METHODS: A nationwide respiratory health survey was conducted among Taiwanese elementary and middle school students in 2011 and again in 2016-2017. A questionnaire was administered to students, for whom forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were measured using spirometry. During the study period, monthly concentrations of ambient PM2.5 were obtained from the monitoring stations of the Environmental Protection Administration. Lung function measurements were compared with ambient PM2.5 exposure using mixed-effects models. RESULTS: In the 2011 survey (mean PM2.5: 40.6 μg/m3), exposure to PM2.5 in the preceding 1-2 months was associated with a 2.2% decrease (95% confidence interval [CI]: -4.1%, -0.3%) in FVC and a 2.3% decrease (95% CI: -4.0%, -0.5%) in FEV1. By contrast, a significant relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and lung function was not observed in the 2016-2017 survey (mean PM2.5: 30.0 μg/m3). CONCLUSIONS: As improvement in air quality over time, the negative relationship between PM2.5 and childhood lung function tend to be not significant.
BACKGROUND: Exposure to ambient fine particles, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), is a public health concern. Concentrations of ambient PM2.5 have changed temporally in the past 10 years after a series of action policies for improving air quality were implemented in Taiwan. In this study, temporal changes in the relationship between PM2.5 and lung function among children were investigated. METHODS: A nationwide respiratory health survey was conducted among Taiwanese elementary and middle school students in 2011 and again in 2016-2017. A questionnaire was administered to students, for whom forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were measured using spirometry. During the study period, monthly concentrations of ambient PM2.5 were obtained from the monitoring stations of the Environmental Protection Administration. Lung function measurements were compared with ambient PM2.5 exposure using mixed-effects models. RESULTS: In the 2011 survey (mean PM2.5: 40.6 μg/m3), exposure to PM2.5 in the preceding 1-2 months was associated with a 2.2% decrease (95% confidence interval [CI]: -4.1%, -0.3%) in FVC and a 2.3% decrease (95% CI: -4.0%, -0.5%) in FEV1. By contrast, a significant relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and lung function was not observed in the 2016-2017 survey (mean PM2.5: 30.0 μg/m3). CONCLUSIONS: As improvement in air quality over time, the negative relationship between PM2.5 and childhood lung function tend to be not significant.
Keywords:
Air pollution; Children; Forced expiratory volume in 1 s; Forced vital capacity; Lung function; Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm