The psychopathology of the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. A phenomenological analysis.

Ninety patients with the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome were studied. A high incidence of depression, hostility, and obsessionality was found. Depression was not related to administered medication, while aggression, hostility, and obsessionality were significantly associated with some important features of the syndrome, namely copro- and echo-phenomena and a family history of tics or the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Links between psychopathology and neurological and electroencephalographic abnormalities were minimal.