Eric J Roseen1,2, Hanna Gerlovin3, Alexandra Femia4, Jae Cho4, Suzanne Bertisch5,6, Susan Redline5,6, Karen J Sherman7,8, Robert Saper4. 1. Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. Eric.Roseen@bmc.org. 2. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA. Eric.Roseen@bmc.org. 3. Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. 5. Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 6. Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 7. Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA. 8. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poor sleep is common among adults with chronic low back pain (cLBP), but the influence of cLBP treatments, such as yoga and physical therapy (PT), on sleep quality is under studied. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effectiveness of yoga and PT for improving sleep quality in adults with cLBP. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Academic safety-net hospital and 7 affiliated community health centers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 320 adults with cLBP. INTERVENTION: Twelve weekly yoga classes, 1-on-1 PT sessions, or an educational book. MAIN MEASURES: Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score (0-21) at baseline, 12 weeks, and 52 weeks. Additionally, we also evaluated how the proportion of participants who achieved a clinically meaningful improvement in sleep quality (> 3-point reduction in PSQI) at 12 weeks varied by changes in pain and physical function at 6 weeks. KEY RESULTS: Among participants (mean age = 46.0, 64% female, 82% non-white), nearly all (92%) reported poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) at baseline. At 12 weeks, modest improvements in sleep quality were observed among the yoga (PSQI mean difference [MD] = - 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.82, - 0.55) and PT (PSQI MD = - 0.91, 95% CI - 1.61, - 0.20) groups. Participants who reported a ≥ 30% improvement in pain or physical function at 6 weeks, compared with those who improved < 10%, were more likely to be a sleep quality responder at 12 weeks (odds ratio [OR] = 3.51, 95% CI 1.73, 7.11 and OR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.18, 3.95, respectively). Results were similar at 52 weeks. CONCLUSION: In a sample of adults with cLBP, virtually all with poor sleep quality prior to intervention, modest but statistically significant improvements in sleep quality were observed with both yoga and PT. Irrespective of treatment, clinically important sleep improvements at the end of the intervention were associated with mid-intervention pain and physical function improvements. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01343927.
BACKGROUND: Poor sleep is common among adults with chronic low back pain (cLBP), but the influence of cLBP treatments, such as yoga and physical therapy (PT), on sleep quality is under studied. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effectiveness of yoga and PT for improving sleep quality in adults with cLBP. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Academic safety-net hospital and 7 affiliated community health centers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 320 adults with cLBP. INTERVENTION: Twelve weekly yoga classes, 1-on-1 PT sessions, or an educational book. MAIN MEASURES: Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score (0-21) at baseline, 12 weeks, and 52 weeks. Additionally, we also evaluated how the proportion of participants who achieved a clinically meaningful improvement in sleep quality (> 3-point reduction in PSQI) at 12 weeks varied by changes in pain and physical function at 6 weeks. KEY RESULTS: Among participants (mean age = 46.0, 64% female, 82% non-white), nearly all (92%) reported poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) at baseline. At 12 weeks, modest improvements in sleep quality were observed among the yoga (PSQI mean difference [MD] = - 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.82, - 0.55) and PT (PSQI MD = - 0.91, 95% CI - 1.61, - 0.20) groups. Participants who reported a ≥ 30% improvement in pain or physical function at 6 weeks, compared with those who improved < 10%, were more likely to be a sleep quality responder at 12 weeks (odds ratio [OR] = 3.51, 95% CI 1.73, 7.11 and OR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.18, 3.95, respectively). Results were similar at 52 weeks. CONCLUSION: In a sample of adults with cLBP, virtually all with poor sleep quality prior to intervention, modest but statistically significant improvements in sleep quality were observed with both yoga and PT. Irrespective of treatment, clinically important sleep improvements at the end of the intervention were associated with mid-intervention pain and physical function improvements. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01343927.
Entities:
Keywords:
back pain; chronic pain; education; physical therapy; sleep; yoga
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