Literature DB >> 31667259

Dataset on heavy metal content in background soils of the three gully catchments at Western Siberia.

Ivan Semenkov1, Anton Yakushev2.   

Abstract

The criteria used include heavy metal (HM) levels in background soils of different countries and territories (Australia, China, Finland, North America, Northern Europe, and Western Siberia) and their threshold concentration values for soils of residential and/or agricultural areas in soil quality standards of Canada (soil quality guidelines), Germany (Trigger Values), the Netherlands (Serious Risk Concentrations), Russia (Maximum Permissible Concentrations), and the USA (Regional Screening Levels). The Retisols, Phaeozems and Chernozems of Western Siberia are characterized by the following range of mean concentrations of heavy metals in topsoil (in mg kg-1): Pb 5-35, Cu 5-100, V 5-180, Cr 5-212, Ni 7-100, Zn 10-135, Mn 50-1800, and Ba 373-1360.
© 2019 The Author(s).

Entities:  

Keywords:  Chernozems; Environmental policy; Human health risk assessment; Phaeozems; Potentially toxic elements; Retisols; Soil pollution; Soil quality standards

Year:  2019        PMID: 31667259      PMCID: PMC6811887          DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104496

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Data Brief        ISSN: 2352-3409


Specifications Table First open access database on variations of heavy metals content in soils of small catchments at Western Siberia. These data are valuable for researchers interested in soil geochemistry. Policy makers, government official and stakeholders can benefit from this dataset. This data allows other researchers to extend the statistical analyses. This dataset can be used for benchmarking studies by comparing parameters of the Western Siberia soils to parameters of the other Retisols, Phaeozems and Chernozems. The data in this article may be used for educational and technical course purposes. The data set may be relevant for future researchers about soil geochemistry in the Western Siberia, for example, for ecological modeling.

Data

According to soil maps [9] of lowland regions of countries within the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, Russia has close similarities with Canada, Germany, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden and the USA in terms of the occurrence and distribution of reference soil groups (Table 1).
Table 1

Reference soil groups at different countries within the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere.

SoilsRussiathe USACabadaGermanyPolandthe NetherlandsFinlandNorwaySwedenFrancethe UKDenmark
1. Soils with thick organic layers:
Histosols++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2. Soils with strong human influence –
Anthrosols
Technosols
3. Soils with limitations to root growth –
Cryosols++++++++++++
Leptosols
Solonetz++++
Vertisols+++
Solonchaks+++
4. Soils distinguished by Fe/Al chemistry –
Gleysols+++++++++++++++++
Andosols+++++++++
Podzols+++++++++++++++++++++++++
Plinthosols
Nitisols++
Ferralsols
Planosols++++++
Stagnosols+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
5. Pronounced accumulation of organic matter in the mineral topsoil –
Chernozems+++++++++
Kastanozems++++++++
Phaeozems++++++++
Umbrisols+++++++++
6. Accumulation of moderately soluble salts or non–saline substances –
Durisols+++++++++++++++++++++
Gypsisols
Calcisols+++
7. Soils with a clay–enriched subsoil –
Retisols++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Acrisols++
Lixisols
Alisols++
Luvisols+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
8. Soils with little or no profile differentiation –
Cambisols++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Arenosols+++++++++++++
Fluvisols++
Regosols++
Reference soil groups at different countries within the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. The field studies on soils were conducted in Western Siberia, at three sites within small gully catchments (Table 2, Fig. 1). The study sites were selected on the basis of analysing the maps of vegetation, soils, parent materials and geochemical migration factors within the Ob river basin area [7]. The study sites represented the most typical soil catenas of the central part of Western Siberia [12].
Table 2

Characteristics of the study sites.

Study sites (m a.s.l.)Area, km2LocationSoilsPitsGeological features of parent materialClimate [9]
1. The upland of Tobolsky Materik (75–77)0.003N 58°56′ E 69°10′Retisols Gleyic10Sub-horizontally stratified well-sorted alluvial sandsEver-humid taiga
2. The north of the Ishim Plain (123–126)0.76N 56°31′ E 67°32′Anthric Phaeozems8Alluvial-lacustrine clay loams and clays with high contents of carbonates and residual salinityHumid cold continental
3. The eastern part of the Trans-Urals region (135–142)0.48N 56°02′ E 63°35′Anthric Chernozems7Alluvial-lacustrine clay loams and clays with high contents of carbonates and residual salinityHumid cold continental
Fig. 1

The location of sampling area. Soil pits (numbers 1–18) are located in the following topographic locations: I – the levelled interfluve, II – slopes and III – the bottom of the U-shaped gully.

Characteristics of the study sites. The location of sampling area. Soil pits (numbers 1–18) are located in the following topographic locations: I – the levelled interfluve, II – slopes and III – the bottom of the U-shaped gully. The soil pits were located in sequences from an interfluve down to the slope in order to analyse the redistribution of substances along the soil catenas. In total, there were 142 samples taken from 25 soil pits (Table 3). In soil samples, pHwater, the particle-size distribution, content of total organic carbon (TOC) and HMs were measured (Table 4). Data on HM content were compared to mean concentration within the upper part of the continental earth's crust or a Clark and in soils of the world (Table 5). A Clark of a chemical element and its mean concentration within the UCEC are synonyms.
Table 3

Raw data.

NoPit noHorizonSampling depth, cmParticle size (mm), %
pHTOC, %Macroelements, %
Microelements, mg kg−1
<11–55–1010–5050–250250–1000FeSiAlCaMgTiNaSРMnPbCoNiSrCuZnCrVRbBaTh
Key area 1. Retisols
12Folic4–7nananananana6.022.782.48223.76.31.90.380.51.00.68967802112527144596191646512828
22Folic0–12nananananana6.09.820.0810.10.30.00.010.00.00.03174<1031031852237<5
32Folic7–10nananananana6.216.212.71284.73.51.10.500.60.40.2584861235422530346143877210045
42Albic10–121.56.25.92329344.40.712.01294.00.60.30.490.90.00.115411111141281352898858466<5
52Umbric19–293.213.310.6561704.71.552.98335.60.60.50.660.60.00.056517621159455317911965519<5
62Umbric30–353.515.511.4551504.80.863.82316.50.70.80.660.60.00.04261715361656162170136705247
72Argic55–603.913.48.2561904.90.443.96316.60.70.80.650.6<0.0080.04881513401656465167135725307
82Argic70–803.39.55.9473405.20.344.49306.10.70.70.620.60.00.0387812431715159180112715379
92Gleyic90–1003.39.46.149320.015.50.224.02316.90.80.80.650.6<0.0080.06821425421656568185134705447
103Folic0–5nananananana5.920.163.95244.13.91.60.420.50.60.510063112231022115060617287691136<5
113Umbric5–91.35.34.71932385.23.555.54335.71.00.70.610.60.10.2400541233515431129111122927357
123Albic9–174.216.612.65880.035.01.376.29255.20.60.50.510.5<0.0080.119941828431343588123113634768
133Umbric19–214.521.314.85190.025.02.045.28285.70.70.60.560.60.00.117532223431494195144126605525
143Argic43–494.111.97.2552205.40.334.59316.10.80.70.650.70.00.05112314371767866167130695707
153Gleyic50–603.18.24.9493505.50.083.82326.20.80.70.680.7<0.0080.04261811321796858167124705506
163Gleyic90–1003.07.93.942430.035.70.053.88326.80.80.80.690.7<0.0080.031028123617410276163143775456
174Folic0–8nananananana6.048.530.0400.00.20.00.000.00.00.04381<103623731177<5
184Folic8–16nananananana6.511.312.51233.91.00.50.440.50.10.14610221725125201099796557627
194Albic21–313.515.611.247220.025.31.143.79326.00.80.70.680.70.00.1635271328168635816813174636<5
204Umbric34–444.014.712.56090.015.82.044.04285.70.80.70.590.60.00.1708112137154246213711264545<5
214Gleyic60–704.615.19.0521905.30.594.21316.50.80.70.660.6<0.0080.06431115431696465166123735497
224Gleyic90–1005.614.48.5482405.80.508.38275.90.80.70.590.4<0.0080.1163525266817936681561277953911
234Gleyic120–1304.811.16.146330.056.10.433.93316.70.90.80.680.6<0.0080.03252213517517191158139805775
245Folic0–1nananananana6.241.120.1110.10.30.10.010.00.00.04145<1041332973258<5
255Umbric1–2nananananana5.46.332.17254.30.50.40.480.60.00.1454161117115258510710450447<5
265Albic2–83.311.16.5463304.61.213.43346.20.60.70.680.7<0.0080.1364111320158304716912767559<5
275Umbric8–183.510.16.954260.025.01.183.13306.30.70.70.610.6<0.0080.02451917471555192153147734995
285Gleyic20–302.98.35.8552804.70.372.86346.10.60.70.730.9<0.0080.0310179201704350159132715346
295Gleyic45–502.46.83.642450.014.80.383.03336.50.70.70.700.70.00.02632314261746558193118745278
305Gleyic80–903.310.05.836450.025.20.353.72317.00.80.80.670.6<0.0080.029424133717145641831377851512
317Folic0–8nananananana5.935.890.2420.40.40.10.040.10.10.1109410<108236441776114<5
327Umbric8–162.25.73.4442916.325.64.482.29274.30.60.50.490.60.00.1395821171812325791069463613<5
337Albic4–10nananananana4.40.271.82334.20.60.30.581.2<0.0080.057077111381343119107.07734876
347Albic10–203.712.96.542350.054.80.643.11346.20.60.70.710.8<0.0080.03181912211726253142124725359
357Gleyic40–502.97.95.236470.344.90.513.68326.80.70.80.680.7<0.0080.03252415381704262190142755258
367Gleyic90–1002.89.77.349320.015.00.513.82326.80.70.80.670.7<0.0080.031831183817042611881447751510
378Folic0–2nananananana5.835.370.2620.40.40.10.040.10.10.04241138267431786115<5
388Folic2–12nananananana5.620.551.06101.90.60.20.180.20.00.188117811691579464326308<5
398Albic21–313.310.68.4552304.80.533.65346.40.60.70.670.7<0.0080.03642017201643554149131695095
408Gleyic45–552.86.73.940470.025.00.353.51336.80.70.80.660.7<0.0080.02791815301654059158131695506
419Folic0–2nananananana6.228.270.4850.80.50.20.080.10.10.112091401034650301711164<5
429Folic2–8nananananana6.110.671.88193.20.70.40.350.40.10.13761281723982092906348461<5
439Albic6–8nananananana2.51.822.67265.30.70.50.490.4<0.0080.25182810201241963102112.86784894
449Albic8–12nananananana4.20.982.38244.20.40.30.450.6<0.0080.1171761496204010489.79633804
459Albic5–152.99.56.3424004.80.933.43335.90.60.60.680.7<0.0080.11356141525161646114511385566<5
469Albic12–16nananananana4.20.532.50314.30.40.30.500.90.00.1211125131191933107100.61634245
479Argic27–373.07.24.852330.014.90.423.44336.00.70.70.710.7<0.0080.036417122416747521511286753510
489Gleyic52–624.010.67.2433604.90.323.64316.50.70.70.660.60.00.04802014381684562194122735185
499Gleyic83–934.511.37.451260.035.30.294.01316.80.80.80.660.7<0.0080.043424163917238691751307253910
5010Folic0–4nananananana6.021.420.7181.30.60.30.140.20.10.12246225145310944323202982
5110Folic4–62.110.09.4502806.010.122.04284.30.70.50.520.60.00.11751151316135226611990725644
5210Umbric6–81.45.75.12430344.70.731.88293.60.60.30.470.90.00.1215811141511511471048561470<5
5310Albic8–102.710.79.43928114.30.412.09314.10.50.30.541.00.00.114881012151301340117112694815
5410Albic10–124.014.113.5412804.80.592.72346.00.60.70.700.9<0.0080.0418128171653446154114715339
5510Argic23–331.73.82.3323129.294.80.213.45336.40.70.80.670.7<0.0080.03491512311746761150134735389
5610Gleyic50–603.38.35.338450.034.80.243.89326.40.70.80.690.7<0.0080.036423183517945601931477556310
5710Gleyic70–805.113.08.351230.055.00.224.45316.60.70.80.680.6<0.0080.0341111242177526918714677569<5
5811Folic0–8nananananana6.536.580.1410.20.50.10.020.00.10.07006<10821646124396<5
5911Folic8–14nananananana6.112.161.18152.41.00.30.280.40.10.11997209159513857050364273
6011Albic11–14nananananana4.50.471.80324.10.60.30.561.10.00.11589131113131234810696.34895906
6111Umbric14–183.011.29.0502605.04.512.23325.00.60.50.610.80.00.07772014141511673126110665186
6211Albic34–442.57.46.3513304.80.672.79346.00.70.70.710.8<0.0080.0504171316169544815811571596<5
6311Gleyic60–703.28.15.2394504.90.533.51326.50.70.80.670.7<0.0080.03871312301666563164128735408
6411Gleyic90–1005.113.48.152210.015.10.614.57306.70.70.80.650.6<0.0080.03872510421747575174161765295
6512Folic0–4nananananana5.828.540.4550.80.60.20.080.10.10.191318<10937862291311166<5
6612Umbric4–71.25.04.12245236.03.522.52345.21.50.60.630.70.10.155763026221871486118109889527
6712Umbric7–102.510.58.3363495.91.432.73355.41.00.60.670.80.00.126572721151711344121130886695
6812Albic17–272.97.74.2355104.90.703.27336.50.70.70.700.7<0.0080.03181811251675757152133695706
6912Argic40–504.912.98.354200.024.70.463.83316.30.70.70.590.6<0.0080.06062017341543788169130655475
70
12
Gleyic
80–90
3.8
9.4
5.7
41
40
0.09
5.7
0.46
4.69
31
6.5
0.8
0.8
0.64
0.6
<0.008
0.0
364
24
19
42
166
17
56
160
145
75
556
<5
Key area 2. Phaeozems
11Mollic7–177.23115434.20.06.92.04.4337.61.21.20.790.670.030.081188252049190431322101771085166
21Mollic23–327.83015434.70.07.05.54.5337.61.21.20.770.590.060.081177321953194621452151761096368
31Argic35–4510.23410450.90.07.31.15.2298.80.81.40.770.450.000.04790282566154381251971801085137
41Argic60–708.22315475.01.77.50.75.1298.60.81.40.740.450.020.0480626186715233991961911055315
51(Proto)calcic100–10510.82714452.70.18.00.34.5287.73.41.60.710.450.030.047822824601944586161162915376
61Mollic30–408.02917441.70.07.30.64.5337.71.11.20.810.660.020.0611902418581843513018318710956812
72Mollic7–177.624134016.00.07.19.24.8328.01.01.20.770.580.020.051112362059178651572892081135517
82Mollic24–346.72113382.318.87.46.65.0308.60.81.40.750.450.020.038293118681553311220219010551011
92Argic40–508.02415503.00.07.71.55.1298.40.81.40.750.450.020.038213925701576213220018910256610
102(Proto)calcic60–7010.7288371.414.58.10.64.1277.45.41.60.680.450.050.03775261859215437315413585463<5
112(Proto)calcic110–1205.4126160.959.58.00.24.0276.86.01.50.650.450.040.0370527195724335701541218142112
123Mollic7–177.62914391.38.76.73.64.7337.71.11.20.780.590.020.0512022226571873713521218211260511
133Argic30–408.12919421.60.06.80.25.7288.80.81.40.710.370.030.03821281876153351072141891145138
146Mollic8–188.03216422.60.06.86.44.6337.71.41.20.800.600.030.081229241763195441422321761116027
156Mollic25–357.62918432.40.06.85.65.5328.40.91.30.820.570.030.049092832731614814323219711658715
166Argic37–479.12816434.80.06.61.75.1287.60.81.10.740.370.040.0482131147814842971941711145158
176Argic60–707.82416474.60.06.81.25.0298.40.91.40.760.450.020.048442511701493390204189995467
186Argic80–908.22315453.35.87.61.05.0298.31.01.40.750.450.000.038292821751573610020117510056912
196(Proto)calcic95–1057.72011312.727.27.90.94.6287.72.61.40.730.450.030.0383727196917545110187156975308
207Mollic9–197.42916416.30.06.75.44.5337.61.31.20.770.680.060.071202322254186601552221521055059
217Argic35–459.62918421.30.07.60.95.0298.31.41.40.760.370.020.04806332267159389418318510549812
227(Proto)calcic52–6010.53115402.70.07.91.44.5277.53.71.40.710.450.030.047672320691913710616714492457<5
237Mollic30–406.02619480.60.06.71.24.8337.61.31.20.790.590.060.06112826236818643122209141114534<5
248Mollic0–109.23317401.20.06.74.94.8337.81.11.20.770.590.030.051122251959171441302121721135589
259Mollic8–187.83116432.00.07.26.04.5337.71.31.10.760.680.020.0711652621491725116621919111158510
269Mollic25–359.33315420.80.07.25.24.6337.71.31.10.780.590.020.0611343125541784218021016911160810
279Argic42–528.12716462.00.07.51.45.0308.70.81.40.760.450.000.03782152456140419118919110950812
289Argic80–909.63016413.80.07.80.95.0308.60.91.40.770.450.000.048683618641574311319619210153810
299(Proto)calcic90–10012.23213411.30.08.01.04.2277.45.21.40.700.450.040.047281718592013474153136824839
3011Mollic8–189.5363520.20.06.64.24.5317.41.11.10.750.450.040.071085342161159451042121711045395
3111Argic30–408.63017430.40.06.61.15.3298.50.81.30.740.370.020.0479829186713732991881821045167
3211Argic60–709.2309511.20.06.51.25.0308.60.91.40.760.450.020.04837242565144401422061881005669
3311Argic95–10512.03213420.50.07.50.95.0328.21.11.30.780.730.000.039023220701634116319217310253610
3411(Proto)calcic112–11617.3438320.20.08.00.84.7287.72.31.30.730.450.020.0382123187016249115174156945529
3511Mollic25–358.43218401.60.06.53.94.9328.41.11.20.810.670.000.06932301858160611822071861095938
3612Mollic5–108.5358480.70.07.06.14.2337.31.31.10.760.600.050.081243282447173621582411811056249
3712Argic30–409.63317390.70.06.81.45.2288.10.81.20.760.370.020.048293417711448711920418411254110
3812Argic60–708.72717451.70.06.81.15.0308.50.91.40.770.450.020.04906272865144378520318999529<5
3912Argic85–959.02617462.70.07.40.84.9298.20.91.40.750.450.020.038372919761521191452091781015248
4012(Proto)calcic100–10515.83010440.00.07.60.84.7308.31.21.50.760.520.020.03868212957164388716919097560<5
4112Mollic25–358.42712512.10.06.33.84.9328.21.11.20.810.670.000.0510533222621684513019520011255415
4214Mollic0–109.33816360.80.07.42.34.5337.61.51.20.760.680.050.081143282255184511582791791055968
4315Mollic0–108.53515392.80.06.84.64.3347.11.11.10.780.580.030.0512282229471726013522615610752611
4416Mollic10–205.72411572.60.06.16.23.6356.21.10.80.770.680.030.0814001717391585812715315296588<5
4516Mollic20–306.1268512.35.96.24.93.9356.61.00.90.820.660.090.061358332046160581071731869958310
4616Argic30–408.03015453.00.06.21.85.3298.30.81.20.740.370.020.03899312570131471252131851085049
4716Argic50–607.82616460.93.16.21.05.2298.60.81.30.740.370.020.038833525701344411518919510754113
4816Argic80–908.42813437.00.16.70.85.0298.30.91.30.760.450.020.0378230197113939862051741015269
4916(Proto)calcic95–10513.43611390.90.08.00.84.5277.23.91.30.710.370.030.0375137247116743781531529247211
5017Mollic10–209.13416382.50.06.74.94.6337.61.21.10.770.670.020.0511702717531735311724818411059515
51
17
Argic
41–51
9.1
29
13
46
3.1
0.0
6.8
0.9
4.9
29
8.2
0.9
1.3
0.76
0.45
0.02
0.03
775
18
26
69
154
37
82
212
180
97
534
9
Key area 3. Chernozems
11Chernic5–106.4271739110.016.57.43.4245.61.00.80.500.440.030.0672416204013924117132127409775.1
21Chernic21–316.4271635150.216.67.33.5245.71.00.80.520.450.030.05720181638144281321411304047710.3
31Mollic-argic38–487.1271837110.047.73.34.2276.60.81.00.580.470.030.0466923185114624114166157459824.5
41(Proto)calcic80–9010.2271433160.198.31.54.3256.85.01.20.630.300.070.036512713701833366178119410799.0
52Chernic5–107.2291538100.066.66.83.6245.81.00.90.520.510.020.0675618174514933138158124413748.6
62Chernic27–378.031193930.026.75.93.8256.11.01.00.540.450.030.0676613115215030115185143437794.4
72Mollic-argic43–5316.1401229307.52.65.0277.21.01.30.690.370.080.0384435148817243882171714899312.0
82(Proto)calcic65–757.3241538160.448.31.34.3266.86.01.40.620.450.060.047592719702224471166139407797.0
95Chernic6–167.131164420.036.710.23.4245.41.10.80.500.440.040.0778217184214731100151121429756.8
105Chernic36–366.628184250.057.65.04.0256.41.01.00.570.460.050.05769311950149281151651494518210.6
115Mollic-argic42–527.1261739100.118.13.74.1276.51.01.10.570.470.060.0474525155414831116187161443809.1
125(Proto)calcic75–8510.2281435130.048.50.54.2256.85.41.30.630.370.080.047131519671883068186120400807.0
136Chernic8–187.028174160.096.78.53.6245.51.10.90.500.380.060.078192513481533089156130388764.3
146Chernic35–458.128174160.087.62.94.2266.70.91.20.590.470.060.0480033235715326961841504358010.9
156(Proto)calcic75–8512.434153630.028.40.94.3256.85.81.50.630.370.070.037201817682193569165133358816.0
167Chernic4–147.429173980.056.66.73.6255.81.00.90.520.450.030.068352313471513193139144404770.0
177Chernic19–295.3211328626.646.96.33.7255.91.01.00.540.450.020.06809241348143231101741244417712.2
187Mollic-argic33–4311.334163620.057.71.14.9287.71.21.40.690.370.060.0385223228417033832141775079310.0
197(Proto)calcic75–8535.44091230.088.50.44.3256.85.31.40.620.370.070.03775211369214387117012441780<5
208Chernic5–157.73274670.36.48.53.3235.31.10.80.470.440.030.0674819134114931118150129416765.0
218Chernic20–304.619931529.986.77.13.4235.31.10.80.490.440.030.0672923143914730119168126366790.0
228Mollic-argic45–559.9261043110.387.02.04.2276.50.91.00.600.540.020.0374322245415330113209159466789.1
238Mollic-argic60–659.330163950.027.60.84.1286.40.91.10.580.540.030.0372427234915128147190158476767.3
248(Proto)calcic87–9714.641143000.028.30.94.3256.85.31.40.640.370.060.03713251868210397416913338782<5
259Chernic5–157.231114280.246.86.93.5235.51.10.90.500.440.040.0776719184314934129155136392756.8
269Chernic25–356.8301142100.246.97.43.6235.61.20.90.500.440.040.0675219154615138129157140397786.0
279(Proto)calcic40–509.1291140100.157.42.54.9276.91.01.20.670.370.080.037983318841658095181168494909.0
289(Proto)calcic62–7221.63183540.38.30.84.4246.55.21.30.620.370.080.046892420752123272181133380799.0

na – not avalaible. Pit location is presented in Fig. 1.

Table 4

Root mean square deviation (relative %) for X-Ray fluorescence analysis.

Concentration, %Na2OMgOAl2O3SiO2K2OCaOTiO2MnOFe2O3P2O5SVCrCo,Ni,Cu, ZnRb, SrBaPbTh, U
60–100naОС.0.60.4nananana0.4nanananananananana
50–60na0.70.60.4na0.60.40.40.4nanananananananana
40–50na0.90.80.5na0.70.50.50.5na0.4na0.5nanananana
30–40na0.91.10.7na0.90.60.60.60.60.5na0.6nanananana
20–30na1.31.41.0na1.10.80.70.70.80.6na0.80.70.6nanana
10–201.81.71.81.61.81.61.11.11.11.40.8na1.01.10.9na1.1na
5–102.72.32.72.52.72.51.82.22.21.61.7na1.31.41.11.41.4na
2–54.03.34.03.44.03.42.73.53.52.52.73.01.82.31.62.42.4na
1–25.04.55.54.75.04.73.55.05.02.23.84.02.33.42.53.43.42.0
0.5–16.06.57.56.06.06.04.56.56.53.05.05.03.04.53.54.54.52.7
0.2–0.58.08.010.08.58.08.55.58.58.54.16.06.03.55.54.55.55.54.0
0.1–0.210.010.512.510.510.010.57.010.510.54.77.08.04.37.06.07.07.05.0
(1000–500) × 10−412.013.514.013.512.013.59.012.512.56.08.59.05.09.08.09.08.56.5
(500–200) × 10−414.015.015.015.014.015.010.514.014.08.010.510.55.510.59.010.510.59.0
(200–100) × 10−415.015.015.015.015.015.013.515.015.010.513.012.57.012.510.512.512.512.5
(100–50) × 10−4nanananana15.014.515.015.012.0na15.09.013.512.015.015.015.0
(50–20) × 10−4nananananana15.015.0na12.5na15.010.515.013.5na15.015.0
(20–10) × 10−4nanananananana15.0nanananana20.015.0na15.015.0

na – not avalaible. Root mean square deviations corresponding to concentration in samples analysed are in bold.

Table 5

Descriptive statistics results for grain size fractions (G1 – G6), pH, TOC, macroelements (%) and heavy metals (mg kg−1).

ParameterMinP10P25MGMP50P75P90MaxVSDCv,%SkewnessKurtosisN
Key site 1. Retisols
Albic

G11,52,52,933,79,13,6100100100219546,91390,89−1,3916
G26,27,410,139,221,513,5100100100185943,11100,88−1,3916
G34,25,96,437,217,310,3100100100197844,51200,88−1,3916
G423,334,741,361,555,649,410010010082028,6470,61−1,3816
G58,522,327,752,141,434,0100100100123535,2670,68−1,4216
G600034,40,04100100100222547,21370,8−1,4716
pH2,54,24,354,514,464,694,8255,250,380,6114−2,488,1116
TOC0,270,410,530,810,720,691,061,371,820,170,41501,111,0616
Fe1,81,822,232,982,832,753,433,796,291,191,09361,885,1716
Si23,924,529,631,130,932,533,634,234,412,03,511−1,220,216
Al3,984,074,165,295,25,596,146,416,460,970,9919−0,26−1,8716
Ca0,40,430,570,590,590,590,650,70,790,010,0916−0,281,0416
Mg0,270,290,320,520,480,560,660,720,720,030,1835−0,24−1,8616
Ti0,450,490,510,60,60,620,690,710,710,010,116−0,23−1,7516
Na0,450,450,670,790,760,780,91,071,170,040,2260,08−0,1916
S0,020,020,0269,446,9510110110110123374870−0,9−1,3916
Р0,030,030,040,060,060,050,070,120,1900,04642,265,9216
Mn171211341772585511142215891994356583597770,92−0,7316
Pb6,57,510,815,314,113,718,72728,239,76,3410,740,0416
Co5,45,78,811,911,011,4131728,028,95,4451,784,9816
Ni11,212,714,019,618,418,5232842,963,17,9401,774,0916
Sr961191291451431481661691725272316−0,53−0,7216
Cu13131935303256636437119560,47−1,416
Zn33404452515058638816213251,463,8116
Cr891021071321291331531681696722620−0,06−1,4216
V88901041131121131261311332011413−0,3−0,716
Rb586365717070738589658110,820,8516
Ba38042447951951452156859663645226713−0,27−0,1716
Th
3,7
4,1
5,2
36
14
6,9
101
101
101
2071
46
128
0,89
−1,39
16
Argic

G11,71,73,03,53,33,64,14,94,91,21,132−0,540,616
G23,83,87,29,89,010,712,913,413,413,93,738−0,83−0,426
G32,32,34,86,15,66,68,28,38,35,22,337−0,910,086
G431,731,747,349,448,553,155,156,056,084,69,219−1,93,646
G518,618,619,926,425,626,533,034,134,149,97,127−0,02−2,926
G60004,890,010,022929143122452,4566
pH4,74,74,85,05,04,95,25,45,40,10,350,78−1,086
TOC0,210,210,330,370,360,380,440,460,460,010,0925−1,030,776
Fe3,43,43,54,03,93,94,54,64,60,20,5120,31−1,856
Si30,130,130,531,331,330,932,633,033,01,41,240,73−1,586
Al6,06,06,16,26,26,26,46,66,60,040,230,55−0,246
Ca0,650,650,670,70,70,690,730,760,7600,0460,72−0,266
Mg0,660,660,660,720,720,730,780,780,7800,057−0,2−1,946
Ti0,590,590,620,650,650,650,670,710,7100,0460,150,066
Na0,590,590,590,660,660,650,740,740,7400,07100,37−2,126
S0,020,020,0267,345,8910110110110127195277−0,97−1,886
Р0,030,030,030,030,030,030,040,040,0400,01190,67−1,936
Mn34934936445144243851160660610228101220,59−1,056
Pb881516161619,79232325,975,131−0,530,936
Co1212121313131417173,82,0151,672,636
Ni242431353435404343466,820−0,60,036
Sr1541541651681681691741761766585−1,151,46
Cu37374757565867787822715260,01−1,026
Zn52525965646366888814712191,53,136
Cr150150151164164167169180180132127−0,12−0,936
V112112128128128130134135135708,47−1,914,076
Rb65656770697072737393,14−0,45−1,296
Ba5305305355435435385475705702071431,743,216
Th
4,7
4,7
7
7,8
7,6
8
9
10
10
4
1,9
25
−0,65
−0,22
6
Fiolic

pH5,65,85,96,06,06,06,26,56,50,10,240,530,3617
TOC9,810,112,224,121,221,435,441,148,5145,712,1500,5−0,817
Fe0,040,10,21,20,60,72,02,74,01,41,2990,93−0,0717
Si0,30,82,211,45,68,022,327,527,6108,210,4910,44−1,5617
Al0,040,10,41,90,91,33,74,34,73,01,7910,42−1,617
Ca0,20,30,41,30,70,61,03,96,32,81,71322,244,517
Mg0,030,050,110,440,240,230,471,571,850,290,541221,862,5617
Ti00,010,040,20,10,140,380,50,520,040,19930,46−1,5117
Na0,010,010,060,260,130,180,480,60,650,050,23890,4−1,5317
S0,030,030,050,170,080,060,090,640,960,070,261562,425,3417
Р0,010,030,040,120,070,060,090,470,570,030,161292,244,1317
Mn3174147002684152512093761896710063914198930241131,571,5717
Pb1,073,7102615182280112899301152,013,6217
Co02,99,144211011011011932441000,6−1,7517
Ni2,6537,7261411231021251260351382,24,0417
Sr5,991023855153125225271681683971,130,2317
Cu2,252,76,016111020445019814911,411,3117
Zn18,252944141816694596606352961881332,073,0817
Cr2,575,11764354397172191373061950,91−0,3917
V1,072,27,3391923649096128936920,46−1,517
Rb0,91,85,930152055727277028930,5−1,5117
Ba375811441625229856411361282161256402971,10,0217
Th
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Gleyic

G12,42,82,93,73,63,34,65,15,60,90,9260,63−0,9819
G26,76,88,110,09,79,411,314,415,16,22,5250,74−0,4319
G33,63,95,26,26,05,87,48,59,02,61,6260,17−0,9319
G435,936,239,645,144,845,551,052,454,836,46,013−0,07−1,419
G518,921,225,735,033,634,945,046,947,594,39,728−0,2−1,4219
G60000000,10,300,12093,7515,0919
pH4,74,84,95,25,25,15,55,86,10,20,480,72−0,3919
TOC0,050,080,240,370,320,370,510,590,610,030,1643−0,42−0,4219
Fe2,93,03,64,14,03,94,24,78,41,31,1283,2212,5119
Si2730313131313233341,91,44−1,545,7919
Al5,96,16,56,66,66,66,86,97,00,10,34−0,790,2319
Ca0,630,650,710,750,750,740,780,830,8700,068−0,070,2919
Mg0,660,660,720,780,770,780,840,840,8400,068−0,58−0,7319
Ti0,590,640,660,670,670,670,680,70,7300,034−0,772,919
Na0,450,590,590,660,650,670,740,740,890,010,1150,321,2219
S0,020,02101904110110110110110143235−2,86,5119
Р0,020,020,030,030,030,030,030,040,0800,01362,8710,3719
Mn263279310451402364434682163594803308683,513,4519
Pb111117212023242831325,627−0,35−0,5719
Co1912141314182526315,6380,031,7119
Ni2026323836384243689110251,495,6219
Sr165165168172172171175179179224,730,17−1,0719
Cu17364259534565102171107933562,47,4319
Zn505659656463697691819,0141,292,9919
Cr1561581601741741741881931941961480,13−1,7219
V1181221271351351341441471611191180,450,0119
Rb697072747475777980103,24−0,05−0,8619
Ba5155155275415415405505695773101830,27−0,4219
Th
5
5
6
17
10
8
10
101
101
871
30
169
2,77
6,41
19
Umbric

G11,21,31,811,03,43,13,84,510080528,42593,4611,9612
G25,15,35,718,311,710,815,121,310070326,51453,2510,9312
G33,44,14,916,09,28,712,014,810073027,01693,3611,4512
G419,021,830,147,643,050,655,259,510048522,0461,032,3912
G58,69,316,131,025,027,533,145,110059924,5792,366,7812
G60,00,00,018,44,428,337,710087129,51612,285,8412
pH4,74,74,95,35,25,15,75,96,00,20,590,39−1,4312
TOC0,70,91,32,72,22,04,04,56,33,11,8660,8−0,2512
Fe1,882,172,263,223,032,853,935,285,541,481,21381−0,0912
Si25,2627,0328,1930,4630,3230,5832,9433,8435,239,13,0210−0,11−0,8712
Al3,594,264,635,275,25,55,736,36,490,740,8616−0,62−0,212
Ca0,550,580,580,770,730,660,890,991,520,080,28362,064,6412
Mg0,30,40,480,570,560,590,690,750,750,020,1425−0,54−0,2612
Ti0,470,480,520,590,580,610,640,660,6700,0712−0,62−1,0112
Na0,560,580,590,680,670,620,790,840,890,010,12170,94−0,7812
S0,020,020,028,450,060,030,060,11101849293453,461212
Р0,020,030,040,070,060,070,080,090,2200,05742,437,2212
Mn24542651019401239126533074005557631164901765910,95−0,2112
Pb111116212020243041688,3391,231,8712
Co6,01114171617222326335,833−0,36−0,2612
Ni14151627242236434714612450,54−1,3512
Sr1151151361501481541621711874842215−0,38−0,2812
Cu11131530262543516126916550,67−0,6812
Zn444758767276899512958024320,760,8412
Cr10410610913112912414917017965026190,75−0,6112
V85941061161151151281361473081815−0,03−0,2412
Rb50606270696580889216413180,61−0,5212
Ba44747050958757453464173595220013141241,793,4612
Th
4,6
4,7
5,3
45
19
6,9
101
101
101
2406
49
108
0,39
−2,26
12
Key site 2. Phaeozems
(Proto)calcic

G15,45,410,511,511,010,813,417,317,3143,7132−0,05−0,199
G212,512,526,628,927,530,232,342,642,6768,7530−0,520,89
G36,06,08,310,710,310,513,315,015,09,63,1129−0,01−1,099
G415,815,832,336,234,839,240,945,345,3808,9425−1,623,129
G5000,91,41,32,72,72,71,21,07750,17−1,539
G600011,3014,559,559,541920,471822,023,969
pH7,67,67,97,97,98,08,08,18,10,020,142−1,914,329
TOC0,250,250,560,760,670,780,931,371,370,120,35460,160,019
Fe3,983,984,244,434,424,54,634,694,690,070,266−0,82−0,739
Si2727272828272830301,31,241,151,349
Al6,86,87,47,57,57,57,78,38,30,180,4260,141,39
Ca1,21,22,63,73,43,75,26,06,02,41,642−0,08−0,879
Mg1,31,31,41,41,41,41,51,61,60,010,118−0,58−0,849
Ti0,650,650,70,710,710,710,730,760,7600,034−0,230,499
Na0,370,370,450,450,440,450,450,520,5200,048049
S0,020,020,030,030,030,030,040,050,0500,01300,5−0,019
Р0,030,030,030,040,040,030,040,040,0400100−1,459
Mn70570575178278077582186886827375270,26−0,649
Pb171722,5252526273737315,6220,81,879
Co17,517,518212119242929153,9191,290,929
Ni575759636360697171376,1100,22−2,359
Sr16216216719018919120124324372727140,880,339
Cu343437414143454948,5265,112−0,06−1,469
Zn70707489878610611511529817190,55−1,529
Cr1531531541641631611691871871381271,010,469
V12112113615014915215619019039020130,71,349
Rb81818590909293,59797366,07−0,49−1,219
Ba42142146349749548353756056023794910−0,08−1,439
Th
6
6
8,5
40
20
11
102
102
102
2161
46
116
0,85
−1,71
9
Argic

G17,87,98,18,98,88,79,49,912,01,01,0111,643,7720
G223,223,426,028,228,028,629,932,834,010,03,211−0,01−0,620
G38,711,313,915,114,915,916,817,619,36,62,617−1,071,2720
G439,241,442,544,744,644,946,248,750,78,52,970,270,0220
G50,40,61,12,62,02,43,54,97,03,21,8690,810,2220
G60000,5002,45,82,11,52683,059,4320
pH6,26,46,77,07,06,87,57,77,80,30,570,01−1,3920
TOC0,230,750,871,081,011,061,311,581,820,130,3633−0,020,9220
Fe4,874,914,995,15,095,055,25,295,670,030,1841,653,9320
Si2828292929293030320,710,8431,766,2920
Al7,628,148,238,48,48,398,68,768,840,080,283−0,761,6820
Ca0,780,80,830,90,890,850,931,011,390,020,13152,9210,0620
Mg1,141,21,311,341,341,381,381,441,440,010,096−1,010,3820
Ti0,710,740,740,750,750,760,760,770,7800,022−1,112,1420
Na0,370,370,370,430,430,450,450,450,730,010,08182,9311,320
S000,010,020,020,020,030,0400,0166−0,290,1120
Р0,030,030,030,040,040,040,040,040,040090,62−0,820
Mn77578280283283182585690090616774150,57−0,6620
Pb152127292829323639325,6920−0,731,1120
Co111618212020252628204,4421−0,39−0,3620
Ni5665676969707176782557−0,491,4520
Sr131136142148148151156158163809,06−0,37−0,7720
Cu323337464340447511944621462,767,7420
Zn82869311010810412514416350823200,79−0,0720
Cr183189193200200201206213214808,94−0,09−0,8620
V171174179184184185189192195507,04−0,42−0,9720
Rb9799101104104103108113114265,150,6−0,6520
Ba4985065145315305305415665694182040,46−0,4220
Th
5
7
8
14
10
9
11
13
102
435
21
151
4,4
19,57
20
Mollic

G15,76,17,47,97,87,98,59,39,51,21,114−0,44−0,4422
G220,723,927,030,129,830,133,235,237,918,94,414−0,32−0,3422
G33,28,412,514,113,415,316,117,619,414,33,827−1,422,2422
G436,438,340,043,543,242,348,050,856,627,45,2120,980,3122
G50,20,71,22,81,92,22,64,716,010,73,31163,4113,4122
G60001,500,025,918,819,74,42913,3311,6722
pH6,16,36,76,86,86,87,17,37,40,10,45−0,15−0,322
TOC0,72,03,84,74,14,96,06,49,33,82,042−0,170,7722
Fe3,64,24,54,64,64,64,84,95,60,160,49−0,252,3222
Si3032323333333334351,31,13−0,682,8422
Al6,27,17,67,67,67,77,88,48,60,280,537−0,741,6922
Ca0,810,991,061,151,141,121,251,321,510,020,15130,020,7422
Mg0,821,081,11,151,141,161,211,241,440,010,1210−0,542,9422
Ti0,750,760,770,780,780,770,80,810,8200,0230,42−0,8922
Na0,450,570,590,610,610,60,670,680,6800,0711−1,231,5122
S00,020,020,030,030,050,060,0900,02580,771,8622
Р0,030,050,050,060,060,060,080,080,0800,0121−0,24−0,6422
Mn82993211121145113811681202124314001718913111−0,631,1822
Pb172225282828323336214,616−0,35022
Co171718212121232632153,9181,31,5922
Ni39474956555661687366,628,2150,090,0422
Sr155159161175174173186190195155127−0,03−1,2422
Cu333743504949606265939,619−0,07−1,1522
Zn10411212713913813515716618246922160,33−0,4622
Cr15318320721721521223224828992330140,461,3722
V141152171178177180187197208271169−0,540,1622
Rb96104105108108109112113116234,84−0,870,8322
Ba5055165395715705845966086361403377−0,27−0,922
Th
5
6,73
7,94
18
12
10
12
16
102
743
27
150
3
7,85
22
Key site 3. Chernozems
(Proto)calcic

G17,37,39,615,113,311,318,135,435,487,09,3621,823,218
G223,723,727,631,831,330,436,841,341,337,76,1190,52−0,828
G37,57,510,112,512,214,014,715,115,18,32,923−0,92−0,748
G412,412,431,332,430,835,036,740,440,475,18,727−2,125,128
G50,00,03,08,13,87,214,115,715,738,86,2770,12−28
G60,020,020,030,150,090,120,240,440,440,020,15971,080,378
pH7,47,48,38,28,28,38,48,58,50,10,44−2,556,898
TOC0,450,450,661,10,960,881,392,512,510,440,67601,492,418
Fe4,24,24,34,44,44,34,44,94,90,050,2252,436,398
Si2424252525252627270,370,620,571,328
Al6,56,56,86,86,86,86,86,96,90,020,132−2,316,068
Ca1,015,14,94,45,35,66,06,02,551,633−2,587,018
Mg1,21,21,261,341,341,351,411,51,50,010,118−0,14−0,748
Ti0,620,620,620,630,630,630,630,670,6700,0122,195,238
Na0,30,30,370,370,370,370,370,450,4500,041103,58
S0,060,060,070,070,070,070,080,080,0800,0112−0,28−1,398
Р0,030,030,030,040,040,030,040,040,04009−0,4−0,238
Mn6516517017277267177677987982288487−0,03−0,488
Pb151519,5242325273333325,724−0,02−0,098
Co1313151717181920207,272,716−0,99−0,538
Ni676768717170738484325,781,983,98
Sr1651651862022012112172222224172010−0,91−0,468
Cu30303341393742808026316392,436,258
Zn666669737371739595839,1122,426,348
Cr165165168175174174181186186637,9550,15−1,818
V11911912213413313313616816824316121,723,78
Rb358358384407405404414494494160840101,563,668
Ba797979818180829090143,752,396,058
Th
6
6
7
31
15
9
56
102
102
1901
44
139
1,44
0
8
Chernic

G14,65,36,46,86,87,07,48,08,10,91,014−1,061,3114
G219,521,326,828,027,828,730,531,232,213,13,613−1,471,8114
G37,39,211,414,614,116,116,818,219,413,03,625−0,79−0,3514
G428,231,438,239,138,839,742,143,945,522,44,712−1,111,0814
G51,52,95,47,46,56,710,010,715,312,53,5480,540,7814
G60,010,020,054,10,170,090,2426,630,0105,310,32482,313,9414
pH6,46,56,66,86,86,76,97,67,60,130,3651,652,0814
TOC2,95,06,36,96,77,07,48,510,22,831,6824−0,562,0614
Fe3,33,43,43,63,63,63,74,04,20,060,2471,221,4214
Si2323232424242525260,860,9341,041,0514
Al5,35,35,55,85,85,75,96,46,70,160,471,030,7114
Ca0,890,991,011,051,051,031,121,141,150,010,077−0,420,2214
Mg0,810,810,820,910,910,890,991,011,20,010,11121,32,0214
Ti0,470,490,50,520,520,510,540,570,5900,03610,7214
Na0,380,440,440,450,450,440,450,470,5100,036−0,114,2514
S0,020,020,030,040,030,030,040,060,0600,01410,53−0,7214
Р0,040,050,060,060,060,060,060,070,0700,0113−0,660,4414
Mn72072474877076976680081983512683650,37−0,7314
Pb131618212119243133315,6260,840,2214
Co111313161616182023103,2200,51−0,2414
Ni383941454545485257295,3120,580,2514
Sr139143147148148149151153153174,13−1,080,9114
Cu242428303030313438153,9130,250,8414
Zn89931001141131161291321382321513−0,26−0,8814
Cr13213915015815815716818418525316100,24−0,4614
V121124126134134130143149150981070,45−1,2114
Rb366388397413412411435441451553246−0,19−0,414
Ba7475767777777980824,22,030,51−0,0214
Th
0
0
4,4
6,5
na
6,4
10
11
12
14
3,8
58
−0,28
−0,53
14
Mollic-argic

G17,17,17,110,19,79,611,316,116,111,33,4331,251,726
G225,925,926,230,530,128,533,840,240,232,15,7191,170,586
G31010121514161718189,33,021−0,91−1,036
G4292936373738394343214,612−1,142,316
G52,52,52,67,26,07,910,911,511,517,84,259−0,19−2,746
G6000,020,1na0,050,110,380,380,020,141422,14,576
pH7,07,07,57,67,67,77,78,18,10,10,34−0,651,846
TOC0,90,91,12,32,02,33,33,73,71,41,251−0,05−1,796
Fe4,14,14,14,44,44,24,95,05,00,20,4100,93−1,76
Si2727272727272828280,330,5820,9−0,156
Al6,56,56,56,86,86,57,27,77,70,260,5171,290,216
Ca0,820,820,870,940,930,910,951,181,180,020,13131,643,066
Mg1,031,031,041,151,141,091,261,381,380,020,14121,11−0,176
Ti0,570,570,580,620,620,590,690,690,6900,0690,82−1,926
Na0,370,370,370,460,460,470,540,540,540,010,0817−0,31−1,876
S0,020,020,030,050,040,040,060,080,0800,03540,23−2,126
Р0,030,030,030,030,030,030,040,040,040080,710,696
Mn66966972476376074484485285251317290,29−1,266
Pb222223262524273535244,9191,763,36
Co141415191920232424184,322−0,34−2,376
Ni49495163625484888831218280,95−1,746
Sr1461461481571561521701721721281170,8−1,86
Cu242428313130334343426,5211,142,396
Zn83838811010811311614714753523210,50,396
Cr1661661871971961992142172173862010−0,65−0,766
V157157158164164160171177177678,251,05−0,626
Rb4434434594734734714895075075152350,25−0,296
Ba767678848381939393577,690,69−1,876
Th4,64,67,38,78,39,11012126,42,529−0,610,916

Concentration of grain fractions (G1 – clay (particles <1 μm), G2 – fine silt (1–5), G3 – medium silt (5–10), G4 – coarse silt (10–50), G5 – fine sand (50–250) and G6 – medium and coarse (250–1000) sand), TOC, Fe, Si, Al, Ca, Mg, Ti, Na, P is in %. Concentration of all other elements is in mgkg−1. Min – minimum, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 – percentiles, M − mean, GM – geometric mean, Max – maximum, V – variance, SD – standard deviation, Cv – coefficient of variation.

Raw data. na – not avalaible. Pit location is presented in Fig. 1. Root mean square deviation (relative %) for X-Ray fluorescence analysis. na – not avalaible. Root mean square deviations corresponding to concentration in samples analysed are in bold. Descriptive statistics results for grain size fractions (G1 – G6), pH, TOC, macroelements (%) and heavy metals (mg kg−1). Concentration of grain fractions (G1 – clay (particles <1 μm), G2 – fine silt (1–5), G3 – medium silt (5–10), G4 – coarse silt (10–50), G5 – fine sand (50–250) and G6 – medium and coarse (250–1000) sand), TOC, Fe, Si, Al, Ca, Mg, Ti, Na, P is in %. Concentration of all other elements is in mgkg−1. Min – minimum, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 – percentiles, M − mean, GM – geometric mean, Max – maximum, V – variance, SD – standard deviation, Cv – coefficient of variation. Total concentration of HMs in the soils were compared to several SQSs (Table 6), because the specified countries have the similar set of soil reference groups, background concentration of HMs (Table 7) and well-developed methodologies for soil quality assessment.
Table 6

SQSs for Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn of the five countries analysed, mg kg−1.

MetalsThreshold levels of soil quality standards
Russia [10], [11]
Netherlands, ISRCs [13]Germany, TVs [14]
Canada, SQGs [15]
The USA, RSLs [16]
MPCsEPCsIIаIIIIIа
Ba8907505001500
Cr40064
Cu669663310
Mn1500180
Ni4010014070140
Pb326558040045
V150130
Zn110350250

MPCs – maximum permissible concentrations, EPCs – estimated permissible concentrations, ISRC – integrated serious risk concentration, TV – Trigger Values, SQG – soil quality guidelines, RSL – regional screening levels. I – agricultural lands; II – residential and parkland, IIа – residential zones.

Table 7

Heavy metal concentration (mg kg−1) in the upper part of continental earth's crust (UCEC) and background soils of the world.

MetalsUCEC or Clark [2]World's soils [3]Northern Europe [3]North America [4]Australia [3]China [5]Finland [6]Western Siberia [7], [8]
Ba510–1070315–5004396867440–469373–1360
Cr35–9242–200131302437–61315–190
Cu14–4711–139.4351817–25225–100
Mn527–1000310–1007280538281333–60050–1800
Ni19–5815–508.2889.813–27177–100
Pb16–2010–3510197.216–2755–35
V53–12155–100251123258–82385–140
Zn51–8331–903010686.348–743110–120
SQSs for Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn of the five countries analysed, mg kg−1. MPCs – maximum permissible concentrations, EPCs – estimated permissible concentrations, ISRC – integrated serious risk concentration, TV – Trigger Values, SQG – soil quality guidelines, RSL – regional screening levels. I – agricultural lands; II – residential and parkland, IIа – residential zones. Heavy metal concentration (mg kg−1) in the upper part of continental earth's crust (UCEC) and background soils of the world. Spearman correlation analyses among the HMs and soil parameters (grain size fractions, TOC and pHwater) were conducted in order to visualize the kind of relationships that exist among the variables (Table 8).
Table 8

Correlation matrices between metal concentration and particle-size fractions, pHwater and TOC.

PropertiesBaCrCuMnNiPbVZn
Retisols, n = 65
G1, n = 49−0.040.40**0.29*−0.110.64***0.030.36*0.35*
G2, n = 49−0.130.190.060.140.37**−0.050.100.18
G3, n = 49−0.20−0.01−0.200.34*0.13−0.17−0.110.05
G4, n = 49−0.170.210.220.000.32*−0.150.100.23
G5, n = 490.210.130.08−0.40**−0.210.200.10−0.26
G6, n = 490.07−0.34*−0.31*0.14−0.060.280.050.15
pHwater−0.01−0.43***−0.38**0.40**−0.090.17−0.47***0.29*
TOC
−0.29*
−0.71***
−0.70***
0.56***
−0.50***
−0.12
−0.78***
0.04
Phaeozems, n = 51
G1−0.16−0.27−0.10−0.43**0.20−0.01−0.22−0.24
G20.170.270.200.18−0.23−0.07−0.220.29*
G30.010.270.000.120.210.080.28*0.18
G40.20−0.03−0.010.120.040.030.33*−0.01
G5−0.070.200.110.040.070.080.140.00
G6−0.22−0.24−0.16−0.250.070.11−0.07−0.36*
pHwater−0.30*−0.41**−0.25−0.52***0.10−0.13−0.24−0.31*
TOC
0.49***
0.59***
0.49***
0.68***
−0.45***
0.11
0.16
0.62***
Chernozems, n = 28
G10.100.55**0.53**−0.070.78***0.180.18−0.64***
G2−0.040.060.51**0.190.31−0.090.10−0.22
G30.22−0.13−0.50**0.11−0.14−0.020.230.10
G40.18−0.28−0.170.21−0.38*−0.100.280.46*
G5−0.06−0.20−0.13−0.37−0.19−0.05−0.130.14
G6−0.20−0.090.07−0.02−0.150.13−0.170.12
pHwater0.020.57**0.32−0.310.77***0.290.10−0.68***
TOC−0.14−0.68***−0.310.26−0.81***−0.30−0.200.61***

Spearman's rank correlation coefficients marked are statistically significant at p < 0.05 (*), 0.01 (**) and .

Correlation matrices between metal concentration and particle-size fractions, pHwater and TOC. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients marked are statistically significant at p < 0.05 (*), 0.01 (**) and .

Experimental design, materials, and methods

Plastic and steel tools were used for sampling. After air-drying and declumping the aggregates, the soil was sieved through a 1 mm mesh sieve. Total organic carbon (dichromate digestion based on Walkley–Black method) and pHwater (the soil:solution ratio of 1:2.5) were determined. The particle-size distribution was analysed using a laser diffraction technique and an ‘Analizeter 22’ equipment (Germany) in samples pre-treated with 4% Na4P2O7 at the Lomonosov Moscow State University. The total content of heavy metals was measured using an X-Ray fluorescence technique (Table 4) and a PANalytical spectrometer (Netherlands) at the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The instrument was calibrated for trace elements in soils using a certified, standard reference material of Russian soils (SP-1 ‘Retisols’, and SP-2 ‘Chernozems’).

Specifications Table

Subject areaEarth Planetary Science
More specific subject areaSoil Science, Environmental Chemistry
Type of dataTables
How data was acquiredData were obtained by means of standard techniques, an ‘Analizeter 22’ equipment (Germany), an Axios X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer (made by PANalytical, Netherlands)[1].Data on heavy metal concentration in the upper part of continental earth's crust (UCEC) and background soils of the world were estimated using published materials.
Data formatRaw and analysed
Experimental factorsSoil samples were taken for heavy metal analysis in the interfluves, slopes and gully bottoms at three gully catchments at Western Siberia
Experimental featuresThe eight heavy metals as stated in the abstract were analysed statistically and compared with abundance of elements within the upper part of the continental earth's crust, their levels in background soils of countries and their threshold concentration values for soils of residential and/or agricultural areas in soil quality standards.
Data source locationKey area 1 – the upland of Tobolsky Materik – N 58°56′ E 69°10′Key area 2 – the north of the Ishim Plain – N 56°31′ E 67°32′Key area 3 – the eastern part of the Trans-Urals region N 56°02′ E 63°35′
Data accessibilityAll the data are in this article
Related research articleI.N.Semenkov, E.V.Terskaya, N.S.Kasimov. Heavy metals' lateral fractionation in catenae of the central part of the Western Siberia. Vestnik Moskovskogo Unviersiteta, Seriya Geografiya, 2019 (3) 25 – 37.
Value of the data

First open access database on variations of heavy metals content in soils of small catchments at Western Siberia.

These data are valuable for researchers interested in soil geochemistry. Policy makers, government official and stakeholders can benefit from this dataset. This data allows other researchers to extend the statistical analyses.

This dataset can be used for benchmarking studies by comparing parameters of the Western Siberia soils to parameters of the other Retisols, Phaeozems and Chernozems.

The data in this article may be used for educational and technical course purposes.

The data set may be relevant for future researchers about soil geochemistry in the Western Siberia, for example, for ecological modeling.

  1 in total

1.  Data on the soil and vegetation properties at the small gully catchment area: Steppe region of Kalmykia Republic (South Russia).

Authors:  Ivan N Semenkov; Maria V Konyushkova; Galya V Klink; Victoria V Krupskaya; Polina R Enchilik; Nina M Novikova
Journal:  Data Brief       Date:  2021-12-24
  1 in total

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