Alexandra Scrivens1, Peter R Reynolds2, Faith E Emery3, Calum T Roberts4,5, Graeme R Polglase6, Stuart B Hooper6, Charles Christoph Roehr7,8. 1. Newborn Services, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom, alexandra.scrivens@gmail.com. 2. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, St. Peter's Hospital, Ashford & St. Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Chertsey, United Kingdom. 3. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom. 4. Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 5. Monash Newborn, Monash University Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 6. Hudson Institute, The Ritchie Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 7. Newborn Services, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom. 8. University Department of Paediatrics, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The use of intraosseous (IO) access during resuscitation is widely accepted and promoted in paediatric medicine but features less prominently in neonatal training. Whilst umbilical venous catheterization (UVC) is a reliable method of delivering emergency drugs and fluids, it is not always achievable in a timely manner. IO access warrants exploration as an alternative. AIM: Conduct a systematic review of existing literature to examine the evidence for efficacy and safety of IO devices in neonatal patients, from birth to discharge. METHOD: A search of PubMed, Ovid, Medline, and Embase was carried out. Abstracts were screened for relevance to focus on neonatal-specific literature and studies which carried out separate analyses for neonates (infants <28 days of age or resident on a neonatal unit). RESULTS: One case series and 12 case reports describe IO device insertion into 41 neonates, delivering a variety of drugs, including adrenaline (epinephrine) and volume resuscitation. Complications range from none to severe. Cadaveric studies show that despite a small margin for error, IO devices can be correctly sited in neonates. Simulation studies suggest that IO devices may be faster and easier to site than UVC, even in experienced hands. CONCLUSION: IO access should be available on neonatal units and considered for early use in neonates where other access routes have failed. Appropriate training should be available to staff in addition to existing life support and UVC training. Further studies are required to assess the optimal device, position, and whether medication can be delivered IO as effectively as by UVC. If IO devices provide a faster method of delivering adrenaline effectively than UVC, this may lead to changes in neonatal resuscitation practice.
BACKGROUND: The use of intraosseous (IO) access during resuscitation is widely accepted and promoted in paediatric medicine but features less prominently in neonatal training. Whilst umbilical venous catheterization (UVC) is a reliable method of delivering emergency drugs and fluids, it is not always achievable in a timely manner. IO access warrants exploration as an alternative. AIM: Conduct a systematic review of existing literature to examine the evidence for efficacy and safety of IO devices in neonatal patients, from birth to discharge. METHOD: A search of PubMed, Ovid, Medline, and Embase was carried out. Abstracts were screened for relevance to focus on neonatal-specific literature and studies which carried out separate analyses for neonates (infants <28 days of age or resident on a neonatal unit). RESULTS: One case series and 12 case reports describe IO device insertion into 41 neonates, delivering a variety of drugs, including adrenaline (epinephrine) and volume resuscitation. Complications range from none to severe. Cadaveric studies show that despite a small margin for error, IO devices can be correctly sited in neonates. Simulation studies suggest that IO devices may be faster and easier to site than UVC, even in experienced hands. CONCLUSION: IO access should be available on neonatal units and considered for early use in neonates where other access routes have failed. Appropriate training should be available to staff in addition to existing life support and UVC training. Further studies are required to assess the optimal device, position, and whether medication can be delivered IO as effectively as by UVC. If IO devices provide a faster method of delivering adrenaline effectively than UVC, this may lead to changes in neonatal resuscitation practice.
Authors: Eva Schwindt; Daniel Pfeiffer; Delphina Gomes; Sebastian Brenner; Jens-Christian Schwindt; Florian Hoffmann; Martin Olivieri Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2022-07-26 Impact factor: 3.569
Authors: Lukas Peter Mileder; Nicholas Mark Morris; Stefan Kurath-Koller; Jasmin Pansy; Gerhard Pichler; Mirjam Pocivalnik; Bernhard Schwaberger; Ante Burmas; Berndt Urlesberger Journal: Children (Basel) Date: 2021-05-20
Authors: John Madar; Charles C Roehr; Sean Ainsworth; Hege Ersda; Colin Morley; Mario Rüdiger; Christiane Skåre; Tomasz Szczapa; Arjan Te Pas; Daniele Trevisanuto; Berndt Urlesberger; Dominic Wilkinson; Jonathan P Wyllie Journal: Notf Rett Med Date: 2021-06-02 Impact factor: 0.892
Authors: Bernhard Schwaberger; Christoph Schlatzer; Daniel Freidorfer; Marlies Bruckner; Christina H Wolfsberger; Lukas P Mileder; Gerhard Pichler; Berndt Urlesberger Journal: Children (Basel) Date: 2021-11-26