Jianrong Zhang1, Stephanie Kern-Allely1, Tiange Yu1, Rumi Kato Price2. 1. Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Periodic surveillance is crucial to provide information for resource allocation to control HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and their co-infection, especially in areas with high morbidity and mortality like East Asia and the Pacific. Therefore, we examined the morbidity and mortality of HIV/AIDS and TB co-infection in this region from 1990 to 2017. METHODS: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2017, we obtained incidence, prevalence, and mortality numbers and rates of HIV/AIDS and TB co-infection, including HIV and drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB), multidrug-resistant TB without extensive drug resistance (MDR-TB without XDR), and extensive drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). The trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality from 1990 to 2017 for each co-infection type were analyzed using join-point regression modelling. RESULTS: In 2017, there were 238,372, 4,294, and 392 new cases of HIV-infected DS-TB, HIV-infected MDR-TB without XDR, and HIV-infected XDR-TB, respectively. The number of prevalent cases and deaths were 383,809 and 12,197 of HIV-infected DS-TB, 7,811 and 1,168 of HIV-infected MDR-TB without XDR, and 713 and 282 of HIV-infected XDR-TB. From 1990 to 2017, the age-standardized incidence rate and prevalence rate of HIV-infected DS-TB, and the prevalence rate of HIV-infected XDR-TB continuously increased; the incidence rate of HIV-infected XDR-TB increased from 1990 to 2005 before stabilizing. However, the incidence and prevalence rates of HIV-infected MDR-TB without XDR-as well as the mortality rates of all co-infection types-have decreased in the last 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the mortality rates of all HIV and TB co-infection types have decreased recently, the overall trends in both incidence and prevalence rates of HIV-infected DS-TB and XDR-TB have been increasing since 1990. Efforts to control co-infection across drug resistance types should be continued and further strengthened. 2019 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: Periodic surveillance is crucial to provide information for resource allocation to control HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and their co-infection, especially in areas with high morbidity and mortality like East Asia and the Pacific. Therefore, we examined the morbidity and mortality of HIV/AIDS and TB co-infection in this region from 1990 to 2017. METHODS: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2017, we obtained incidence, prevalence, and mortality numbers and rates of HIV/AIDS and TB co-infection, including HIV and drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB), multidrug-resistant TB without extensive drug resistance (MDR-TB without XDR), and extensive drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). The trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality from 1990 to 2017 for each co-infection type were analyzed using join-point regression modelling. RESULTS: In 2017, there were 238,372, 4,294, and 392 new cases of HIV-infected DS-TB, HIV-infected MDR-TB without XDR, and HIV-infected XDR-TB, respectively. The number of prevalent cases and deaths were 383,809 and 12,197 of HIV-infected DS-TB, 7,811 and 1,168 of HIV-infected MDR-TB without XDR, and 713 and 282 of HIV-infected XDR-TB. From 1990 to 2017, the age-standardized incidence rate and prevalence rate of HIV-infected DS-TB, and the prevalence rate of HIV-infected XDR-TB continuously increased; the incidence rate of HIV-infected XDR-TB increased from 1990 to 2005 before stabilizing. However, the incidence and prevalence rates of HIV-infected MDR-TB without XDR-as well as the mortality rates of all co-infection types-have decreased in the last 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the mortality rates of all HIV and TB co-infection types have decreased recently, the overall trends in both incidence and prevalence rates of HIV-infected DS-TB and XDR-TB have been increasing since 1990. Efforts to control co-infection across drug resistance types should be continued and further strengthened. 2019 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.
Entities:
Keywords:
East Asia and Pacific; HIV; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; coinfection; tuberculosis
Authors: Olalekan A Uthman; Charles Okwundu; Kayode Gbenga; Jimmy Volmink; David Dowdy; Alimuddin Zumla; Jean B Nachega Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2015-07-07 Impact factor: 25.391
Authors: Catharina C Boehme; Pamela Nabeta; Doris Hillemann; Mark P Nicol; Shubhada Shenai; Fiorella Krapp; Jenny Allen; Rasim Tahirli; Robert Blakemore; Roxana Rustomjee; Ana Milovic; Martin Jones; Sean M O'Brien; David H Persing; Sabine Ruesch-Gerdes; Eduardo Gotuzzo; Camilla Rodrigues; David Alland; Mark D Perkins Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2010-09-01 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Christopher J L Murray; Katrina F Ortblad; Caterina Guinovart; Stephen S Lim; Timothy M Wolock; D Allen Roberts; Emily A Dansereau; Nicholas Graetz; Ryan M Barber; Jonathan C Brown; Haidong Wang; Herbert C Duber; Mohsen Naghavi; Daniel Dicker; Lalit Dandona; Joshua A Salomon; Kyle R Heuton; Kyle Foreman; David E Phillips; Thomas D Fleming; Abraham D Flaxman; Bryan K Phillips; Elizabeth K Johnson; Megan S Coggeshall; Foad Abd-Allah; Semaw Ferede Abera; Jerry P Abraham; Ibrahim Abubakar; Laith J Abu-Raddad; Niveen Me Abu-Rmeileh; Tom Achoki; Austine Olufemi Adeyemo; Arsène Kouablan Adou; José C Adsuar; Emilie Elisabet Agardh; Dickens Akena; Mazin J Al Kahbouri; Deena Alasfoor; Mohammed I Albittar; Gabriel Alcalá-Cerra; Miguel Angel Alegretti; Zewdie Aderaw Alemu; Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho; Samia Alhabib; Raghib Ali; Francois Alla; Peter J Allen; Ubai Alsharif; Elena Alvarez; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Adansi A Amankwaa; Azmeraw T Amare; Hassan Amini; Walid Ammar; Benjamin O Anderson; Carl Abelardo T Antonio; Palwasha Anwari; Johan Arnlöv; Valentina S Arsic Arsenijevic; Ali Artaman; Rana J Asghar; Reza Assadi; Lydia S Atkins; Alaa Badawi; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Amitava Banerjee; Sanjay Basu; Justin Beardsley; Tolesa Bekele; Michelle L Bell; Eduardo Bernabe; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Neeraj Bhala; Ashish Bhalla; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Aref Bin Abdulhak; Agnes Binagwaho; Jed D Blore; Berrak Bora Basara; Dipan Bose; Michael Brainin; Nicholas Breitborde; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ferrán Catalá-López; Vineet K Chadha; Jung-Chen Chang; Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang; Ting-Wu Chuang; Mercedes Colomar; Leslie Trumbull Cooper; Cyrus Cooper; Karen J Courville; Benjamin C Cowie; Michael H Criqui; Rakhi Dandona; Anand Dayama; Diego De Leo; Louisa Degenhardt; Borja Del Pozo-Cruz; Kebede Deribe; Don C Des Jarlais; Muluken Dessalegn; Samath D Dharmaratne; Uğur Dilmen; Eric L Ding; Tim R Driscoll; Adnan M Durrani; Richard G Ellenbogen; Sergey Petrovich Ermakov; Alireza Esteghamati; Emerito Jose A Faraon; Farshad Farzadfar; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Daniel Obadare Fijabi; Mohammad H Forouzanfar; Urbano Fra Paleo; Lynne Gaffikin; Amiran Gamkrelidze; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé; Johanna M Geleijnse; Bradford D Gessner; Katherine B Gibney; Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi; Elizabeth L Glaser; Philimon Gona; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N Gouda; Harish Chander Gugnani; Rajeev Gupta; Rahul Gupta; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Randah Ribhi Hamadeh; Mouhanad Hammami; Graeme J Hankey; Hilda L Harb; Josep Maria Haro; Rasmus Havmoeller; Simon I Hay; Mohammad T Hedayati; Ileana B Heredia Pi; Hans W Hoek; John C Hornberger; H Dean Hosgood; Peter J Hotez; Damian G Hoy; John J Huang; Kim M Iburg; Bulat T Idrisov; Kaire Innos; Kathryn H Jacobsen; Panniyammakal Jeemon; Paul N Jensen; Vivekanand Jha; Guohong Jiang; Jost B Jonas; Knud Juel; Haidong Kan; Ida Kankindi; Nadim E Karam; André Karch; Corine Kakizi Karema; Anil Kaul; Norito Kawakami; Dhruv S Kazi; Andrew H Kemp; Andre Pascal Kengne; Andre Keren; Maia Kereselidze; Yousef Saleh Khader; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Ejaz Ahmed Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Irma Khonelidze; Yohannes Kinfu; Jonas M Kinge; Luke Knibbs; Yoshihiro Kokubo; S Kosen; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Veena S Kulkarni; Chanda Kulkarni; Kaushalendra Kumar; Ravi B Kumar; G Anil Kumar; Gene F Kwan; Taavi Lai; Arjun Lakshmana Balaji; Hilton Lam; Qing Lan; Van C Lansingh; Heidi J Larson; Anders Larsson; Jong-Tae Lee; James Leigh; Mall Leinsalu; Ricky Leung; Yichong Li; Yongmei Li; Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima; Hsien-Ho Lin; Steven E Lipshultz; Shiwei Liu; Yang Liu; Belinda K Lloyd; Paulo A Lotufo; Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado; Jennifer H Maclachlan; Carlos Magis-Rodriguez; Marek Majdan; Christopher Chabila Mapoma; Wagner Marcenes; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Joseph R Masci; Mohammad Taufiq Mashal; Amanda J Mason-Jones; Bongani M Mayosi; Tasara T Mazorodze; Abigail Cecilia Mckay; Peter A Meaney; Man Mohan Mehndiratta; Fabiola Mejia-Rodriguez; Yohannes Adama Melaku; Ziad A Memish; Walter Mendoza; Ted R Miller; Edward J Mills; Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad; Ali H Mokdad; Glen Liddell Mola; Lorenzo Monasta; Marcella Montico; Ami R Moore; Rintaro Mori; Wilkister Nyaora Moturi; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Kinnari S Murthy; Aliya Naheed; Kovin S Naidoo; Luigi Naldi; Vinay Nangia; K M Venkat Narayan; Denis Nash; Chakib Nejjari; Robert G Nelson; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Charles R Newton; Marie Ng; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole F Norheim; Vincent Nowaseb; Luke Nyakarahuka; In-Hwan Oh; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Bolajoko O Olusanya; Saad B Omer; John Nelson Opio; Orish Ebere Orisakwe; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Christina Papachristou; Angel J Paternina Caicedo; Scott B Patten; Vinod K Paul; Boris Igor Pavlin; Neil Pearce; David M Pereira; Aslam Pervaiz; Konrad Pesudovs; Max Petzold; Farshad Pourmalek; Dima Qato; Amado D Quezada; D Alex Quistberg; Anwar Rafay; Kazem Rahimi; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Sajjad Ur Rahman; Murugesan Raju; Saleem M Rana; Homie Razavi; Robert Quentin Reilly; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Jan Hendrik Richardus; Luca Ronfani; Nobhojit Roy; Nsanzimana Sabin; Mohammad Yahya Saeedi; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Genesis May J Samonte; Monika Sawhney; Ione J C Schneider; David C Schwebel; Soraya Seedat; Sadaf G Sepanlou; Edson E Servan-Mori; Sara Sheikhbahaei; Kenji Shibuya; Hwashin Hyun Shin; Ivy Shiue; Rupak Shivakoti; Inga Dora Sigfusdottir; Donald H Silberberg; Andrea P Silva; Edgar P Simard; Jasvinder A Singh; Vegard Skirbekk; Karen Sliwa; Samir Soneji; Sergey S Soshnikov; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Vasiliki Kalliopi Stathopoulou; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Soumya Swaminathan; Bryan L Sykes; Karen M Tabb; Roberto Tchio Talongwa; Eric Yeboah Tenkorang; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Alan J Thomson; Andrew L Thorne-Lyman; Jeffrey A Towbin; Jefferson Traebert; Bach X Tran; Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene; Miltiadis Tsilimbaris; Uche S Uchendu; Kingsley N Ukwaja; Selen Begüm Uzun; Andrew J Vallely; Tommi J Vasankari; N Venketasubramanian; Francesco S Violante; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Stein Emil Vollset; Stephen Waller; Mitchell T Wallin; Linhong Wang; XiaoRong Wang; Yanping Wang; Scott Weichenthal; Elisabete Weiderpass; Robert G Weintraub; Ronny Westerman; Richard A White; James D Wilkinson; Thomas Neil Williams; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes; John Q Wong; Gelin Xu; Yang C Yang; Yuichiro Yano; Gokalp Kadri Yentur; Paul Yip; Naohiro Yonemoto; Seok-Jun Yoon; Mustafa Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Kim Yun Jin; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Yong Zhao; Yingfeng Zheng; Maigeng Zhou; Jun Zhu; Xiao Nong Zou; Alan D Lopez; Theo Vos Journal: Lancet Date: 2014-07-22 Impact factor: 79.321