Mesocosm System to Evaluate BF-MBR Efficacy in Mitigating Oily Wastewater Discharges: an Integrated Study on Mytilus galloprovincialis.

This work presents the results of recovery efficacy of the system "BioFilm Membrane BioReactor" (BF-MBR), in the treatment of oily contaminated seawaters. To this aim, we proposed a multidisciplinary approach that integrates traditional chemical-physical measures together with the assessment on biological sentinel Mytilus galloprovincialis, maintained in a medium-scale artificial system named mesocosm. The setup included: (1) a mesocosm consisting of uncontaminated seawater; (2) a mesocosm composed of an untreated oily wastewater discharge; and (3) a mesocosm receiving the same oily wastewater previously treated by a BF-MBR pilot scale plant. The multidisciplinary approach that included traditional chemical measures on mesocosms together with the evaluation of morphological organization, mRNA expression of those genes involved in cellular stress response, immunohistochemistry and metabolomic analysis on mussel tissues, was able to provide a robust and holistic evidence of how the proposed treatment is able to reduce the overall impact of oily wastewater discharges on the marine ecosystem.