Małgorzata Gajewska1, Paweł Goryński2, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz3, Katarzyna Lewtak4, Maria Piotrowicz5, Ewa Urban6, Dorota Cianciara7, Mirosław J Wysocki8, Alicja Książek9, Patricia Izurieta10. 1. Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: mgajewska@pzh.gov.pl. 2. Centre for Monitoring and Analyses of Population Health Status and Health Care System, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: pawel@pzh.gov.pl. 3. Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: istankiewicz@pzh.gov.pl. 4. Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: klewtak@pzh.gov.pl. 5. Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: mpiotrowicz@pzh.gov.pl. 6. Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: eurban@pzh.gov.pl. 7. Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: dcianciara@pzh.gov.pl. 8. Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: mjwysocki@pzh.gov.pl. 9. Medical Department, GSK, Rzymowskiego 53, 02-697 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: alicja.2.ksiazek@gsk.com. 10. Medical Affairs, GSK, Avenue Fleming 20, 1300 Wavre, Belgium. Electronic address: patricia.s.izurieta@gsk.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common infection with significant morbidity and mortality. In January 2017, Poland introduced pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) into their national immunisation programme to protect children against invasive pneumococcal disease. This study was designed to investigate pneumonia-related hospitalisation rates and trends from 2009 to 2016 prior to the introduction of nationally funded PCV vaccination. METHODS: Using national public statistic data available from the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, annual hospitalisation rates for pneumonia were analysed, categorised by aetiology and age (<2, 2-3, 4-5, 6-19, 20-59, 60+ years). Trends over time were assessed, as well as in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: The overall hospitalisation rate due to pneumonia varied between 325.9 and 372.2/100,000 population. Higher rates of hospitalisation were seen in older adults and children ≤5 years. Trends were observed when analysing hospitalisations by pneumonia aetiology within age groups: between 2009 and 2016, Streptococcus pneumoniae hospitalisations significantly increased for children aged <2, 2-3, and 4-5 years, from 5.3 to 12.4, 5.2 to 8.2, and 1.9 to 4.6/100,000 population respectively. Whereas hospitalisations due to Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia decreased significantly from 7.8 to 1.8 and 4.8 to 1.9/100,000 children aged <2 and 2-3 years respectively. The numbers of in-hospital deaths increased from 5578 in 2009 to 8149 in 2016, with >85% of deaths in the 60+ age group. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first national study of pneumonia hospitalisations in Poland, providing the baseline data from which to investigate the impact of the change in vaccination policy on pneumonia hospitalisations in Poland.
PURPOSE: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common infection with significant morbidity and mortality. In January 2017, Poland introduced pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) into their national immunisation programme to protect children against invasive pneumococcal disease. This study was designed to investigate pneumonia-related hospitalisation rates and trends from 2009 to 2016 prior to the introduction of nationally funded PCV vaccination. METHODS: Using national public statistic data available from the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, annual hospitalisation rates for pneumonia were analysed, categorised by aetiology and age (<2, 2-3, 4-5, 6-19, 20-59, 60+ years). Trends over time were assessed, as well as in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: The overall hospitalisation rate due to pneumonia varied between 325.9 and 372.2/100,000 population. Higher rates of hospitalisation were seen in older adults and children ≤5 years. Trends were observed when analysing hospitalisations by pneumonia aetiology within age groups: between 2009 and 2016, Streptococcus pneumoniae hospitalisations significantly increased for children aged <2, 2-3, and 4-5 years, from 5.3 to 12.4, 5.2 to 8.2, and 1.9 to 4.6/100,000 population respectively. Whereas hospitalisations due to Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia decreased significantly from 7.8 to 1.8 and 4.8 to 1.9/100,000 children aged <2 and 2-3 years respectively. The numbers of in-hospital deaths increased from 5578 in 2009 to 8149 in 2016, with >85% of deaths in the 60+ age group. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first national study of pneumonia hospitalisations in Poland, providing the baseline data from which to investigate the impact of the change in vaccination policy on pneumonia hospitalisations in Poland.
Keywords:
Community-acquired pneumonia; Hospitalisation rates; National Immunisation Programme; National public statistic; Pneumococcal vaccination; Poland