Qurat Ul Ain Khan1, Martin J Prince2, Wardah Khalid3, Maryam Zulfiqar4. 1. Neurocare Clinic, Karachi, Pakistan. 2. Epidemiological Psychiatry, King's Global Health Institute, King's College London, London. 3. Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. 4. Stroke Institute, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The 10/66 dementia research group (DRG) diagnostic tool was devised to diagnose dementia in people with low education in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to validate the 10/66 DRG tool in Urdu in Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: People older than or equal to 60 years were included: (1) With normal cognition: no/low education, high education, and depression; (2) People with mild and moderate dementia. The diagnostic and statistical manual IV-TR clinician diagnosis was used as the gold standard for dementia. The Clinician Dementia Rating scale was used to rate dementia severity. The geriatric mental status AGECAT stage I output was used to diagnose depression. The 10/66 battery was comprised of CSI-D (cognitive screening instrument for dementia), CERAD (consortium to establish a registry of Alzheimer disease), and animal naming test. RESULT: The sensitivity and specificity of CSI-D COG score for diagnosing dementia was 86.7% and 72.1%, for CSI-D DF score was 71.1% and 96.1%, for CERAD-10 word list delayed recall was 85.9% and 62.2% at a cut point of ≥5 words, and 70.3% and 97.7% for 10/66 diagnostic algorithm. CONCLUSIONS: The 10/66 DRG tool is a valid instrument for diagnosing dementia in the Urdu-speaking population, including with low education and depression, in Pakistan.
PURPOSE: The 10/66 dementia research group (DRG) diagnostic tool was devised to diagnose dementia in people with low education in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to validate the 10/66 DRG tool in Urdu in Pakistan. METHODOLOGY:People older than or equal to 60 years were included: (1) With normal cognition: no/low education, high education, and depression; (2) People with mild and moderate dementia. The diagnostic and statistical manual IV-TR clinician diagnosis was used as the gold standard for dementia. The Clinician Dementia Rating scale was used to rate dementia severity. The geriatric mental status AGECAT stage I output was used to diagnose depression. The 10/66 battery was comprised of CSI-D (cognitive screening instrument for dementia), CERAD (consortium to establish a registry of Alzheimer disease), and animal naming test. RESULT: The sensitivity and specificity of CSI-D COG score for diagnosing dementia was 86.7% and 72.1%, for CSI-D DF score was 71.1% and 96.1%, for CERAD-10 word list delayed recall was 85.9% and 62.2% at a cut point of ≥5 words, and 70.3% and 97.7% for 10/66 diagnostic algorithm. CONCLUSIONS: The 10/66 DRG tool is a valid instrument for diagnosing dementia in the Urdu-speaking population, including with low education and depression, in Pakistan.
Authors: Adrian Martinez-Ruiz; Rita Krishnamurthi; Ekta Singh Dahiya; Reshmi Rai-Bala; Sanjalin Naicker; Susan Yates; Claudia Rivera Rodriguez; Gary Cheung; Makarena Dudley; Ngaire Kerse; Sarah Cullum Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-05-03 Impact factor: 3.390