| Literature DB >> 31650951 |
Minya Lu1,2, Li Zhang4, Yue Li3, Hanping Wang4, Xiaoxiao Guo5, Jiaxin Zhou6, Lian Duan7, Xiaoyan Si4, Yingchun Xu1,2, Li Zhang4.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in management of malignant tumor. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have been introduced to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in recent years. Currently, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are considered to have minor side effects and do not independently increase the risk of infection. However, they may cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that can require immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants, leading to opportunistic infections. Furthermore, there were reports about reactivation of chronic/latent infections without irAEs. Thus, immune checkpoint inhibitor related infections have drawn more and more attention in the world. In this paper, we described the potential mechanism, available clinical data and recommendation of diagnosis and management for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor related infections.Entities:
Keywords: Immune checkpoint; Immune-related adverse events; Infections; PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2019 PMID: 31650951 PMCID: PMC6817435 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2019.10.11
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi ISSN: 1009-3419
PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂继发感染的类型及特点
Summary of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor related infections
| Type | Possible mechanism | Risk factors | Common pathogens |
| irAEs: immune-related adverse event; IRIS: immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; LTBI: latent tuberculosis infection; CPPA: chronic progressive pulmonary aspergillosis; VZV: varicella zoster virus. | |||
| Opportunistic infections related to irAEs | IrAEs required corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants, leading to temporary immunesuppression | Use of corticosteroids and/or TNF- | Opportunistic infections caused by bacteria, fungi, virus, |
| Reactivation of chronic/latent infections without irAEs | Resembling the IRIS; Boosting TH1 function[ | Unknown | LTBI (10) |