Olaf Rodriguez1, Madeleine Sowash2, Karen I Mosojane3, Tlotlo Ralefala3, Surbhi Grover3,4,5, Paul Haun1, Carrie Kovarik1,6, Victoria L Williams1,5. 1. Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 2. Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. 3. Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana. 4. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 5. Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. 6. Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) represents a heterogeneous collection of non-Hodgkin lymphomas originating in the skin. Our study describes the clinical and histological findings of cutaneous lymphoma within Botswana to expand the paucity of data on this rare disease in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review from the dermatology clinic at Princess Marina Hospital (Gaborone, Botswana) of patients evaluated by skin biopsy for cutaneous lymphoma between 2008 and 2017. Patients with initial diagnostic suspicion for cutaneous lymphoma had biopsies re-reviewed by experienced dermatopathologists and were given a final diagnosis of either (i) cutaneous lymphoma, (ii) atypical lymphocytic infiltrate (ALI), or (iii) a reactive cutaneous process. RESULTS: Thirty-eight cases were identified with a mean age of 50.0 years and a male:female (M:F) ratio of 13:6. Final diagnoses included: 27 cases of cutaneous lymphoma, eight cases of ALI, and three cases of reactive cutaneous processes. Subtypes of cutaneous lymphoma diagnosed included: mycosis fungoides (MF) (81.5%), plasmablastic lymphoma (7.4%), Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell lymphoma (3.7%), subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (3.7%), and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (3.7%). The most common immunohistochemical staining profile in MF cases was CD8 predominance over CD4. CONCLUSIONS: Primary cutaneous lymphoma causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Given the limited resources in sub-Saharan Africa, it is essential to educate providers on the manifestations and histology of PCL. This study is an important step towards understanding the demographics, clinical presentation, histologic features, and mortality of patients diagnosed with PCL in Botswana and similar low-resource settings.
BACKGROUND:Primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) represents a heterogeneous collection of non-Hodgkin lymphomas originating in the skin. Our study describes the clinical and histological findings of cutaneous lymphoma within Botswana to expand the paucity of data on this rare disease in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review from the dermatology clinic at Princess Marina Hospital (Gaborone, Botswana) of patients evaluated by skin biopsy for cutaneous lymphoma between 2008 and 2017. Patients with initial diagnostic suspicion for cutaneous lymphoma had biopsies re-reviewed by experienced dermatopathologists and were given a final diagnosis of either (i) cutaneous lymphoma, (ii) atypical lymphocytic infiltrate (ALI), or (iii) a reactive cutaneous process. RESULTS: Thirty-eight cases were identified with a mean age of 50.0 years and a male:female (M:F) ratio of 13:6. Final diagnoses included: 27 cases of cutaneous lymphoma, eight cases of ALI, and three cases of reactive cutaneous processes. Subtypes of cutaneous lymphoma diagnosed included: mycosis fungoides (MF) (81.5%), plasmablastic lymphoma (7.4%), Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell lymphoma (3.7%), subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (3.7%), and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (3.7%). The most common immunohistochemical staining profile in MF cases was CD8 predominance over CD4. CONCLUSIONS:Primary cutaneous lymphoma causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Given the limited resources in sub-Saharan Africa, it is essential to educate providers on the manifestations and histology of PCL. This study is an important step towards understanding the demographics, clinical presentation, histologic features, and mortality of patients diagnosed with PCL in Botswana and similar low-resource settings.
Authors: N Fouchard; A Mahe; M Huerre; S Fraitag; F Valensi; E Macintyre; F Sanou; G de The; A Gessain Journal: Leukemia Date: 1998-04 Impact factor: 11.528
Authors: Sara Samimi; Kelly Morrissey; Sasha Anshelevich; Katherine Evans; Jennifer Gardner; Amy Musiek; Carmela Vittorio; Alain Rook; Ellen Kim Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol Date: 2013-01 Impact factor: 11.527
Authors: M L Grijsen; R G Mtayangulwa; B Naafs; P Jansen; M H Vermeer; D Mavura; E J Masenga; R Willemze Journal: Br J Dermatol Date: 2017-03-28 Impact factor: 9.302