Preeti Gupta 1 , Alfred Tau Liang Gan 1 , Ryan Eyn Kidd Man 1,2 , Eva K Fenwick 1,2 , Charumathi Sabanayagam 1,2 , Paul Mitchell 3 , Carol Y Cheung 4 , Ning Cheung 1,2,5 , Tien Yin Wong 1,2,5 , Ching-Yu Cheng 1,2,5 , Ecosse Luc Lamoureux 6,2 Show Affiliations »
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: The relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cognitive impairment (CI) is unclear due to equivocal findings from cross-sectional studies and a lack of long-term data. In this population-based cohort study, we investigated the longitudinal association between the severity of DR and the incidence of CI. METHODS: 682 participants with diabetes, gradable retinal photographs and no CI at baseline 2004-2011) and complete relevant data at follow-up 2010-2016 from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease Study were included. CI was assessed using the validated Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT), defined as scores of ≤6 and ≤8 for those with 0-6 and >6 years of formal education, respectively. Six-year incident CI was defined as having no CI at baseline but present at the follow-up visit. RESULTS: Of the 682 included participants, 483 (70.8%) had no DR and 199 (29.2%) had any DR. Of those with DR, 142 (20.8%) had minimal/mild DR and 57 (8.4%) had moderate or worse DR at baseline. At the follow-up visit, 40 (5.9%) participants had incident CI based on AMT. In multivariate analysis compared with participants without DR, those with any DR had more than twofold increased odds of incident CI (OR (95% CI): 2.32 (1.07 to 5.03)). Participants with moderate or worse DR had threefold increased odds of developing CI (3.41 (1.06 to 11.00)), compared with those with no DR. CONCLUSIONS: DR, particularly at the more severe stages, is associated with increased risk of developing CI, independent of vision and other risk factors. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
BACKGROUND/AIM: The relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR ) and cognitive impairment (CI ) is unclear due to equivocal findings from cross-sectional studies and a lack of long-term data. In this population-based cohort study, we investigated the longitudinal association between the severity of DR and the incidence of CI . METHODS: 682 participants with diabetes , gradable retinal photographs and no CI at baseline 2004-2011) and complete relevant data at follow-up 2010-2016 from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease Study were included. CI was assessed using the validated Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT), defined as scores of ≤6 and ≤8 for those with 0-6 and >6 years of formal education, respectively. Six-year incident CI was defined as having no CI at baseline but present at the follow-up visit. RESULTS: Of the 682 included participants , 483 (70.8%) had no DR and 199 (29.2%) had any DR . Of those with DR , 142 (20.8%) had minimal/mild DR and 57 (8.4%) had moderate or worse DR at baseline. At the follow-up visit, 40 (5.9%) participants had incident CI based on AMT. In multivariate analysis compared with participants without DR , those with any DR had more than twofold increased odds of incident CI (OR (95% CI ): 2.32 (1.07 to 5.03)). Participants with moderate or worse DR had threefold increased odds of developing CI (3.41 (1.06 to 11.00)), compared with those with no DR . CONCLUSIONS: DR , particularly at the more severe stages, is associated with increased risk of developing CI , independent of vision and other risk factors. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Entities: Disease
Species
Keywords:
epidemiology; retina
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Year: 2019
PMID： 31645330 DOI： 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312807
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Br J Ophthalmol ISSN： 0007-1161 Impact factor: 4.638