Ana Ayesta1, Gerard Urrútia2,3,4, Eva Madrid4,5,6, Robin W M Vernooij4, Lourdes Vicent7,8, Manuel Martínez-Sellés7,8,9. 1. Servicio de cardiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. 2. Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain. 3. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. 4. Centro Iberoamericano Cochrane, Barcelona, Spain. 5. Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile. 6. Centro Interdisciplinar para Estudios de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile. 7. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain. 8. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 9. Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Heart transplantation (HT) is the treatment for patients with end-stage heart disease. Despite contradictory reports, survival seems to be worse when donor/recipient sex is mismatched. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesize the evidence on the effect of donor/recipient sex mismatch after HT. METHODS: We searched PubMed and EMBASE until November 2017. Comparative cohort and registry studies were included. Published articles were systematically selected and, when possible, pooled in a meta-analysis. The primary endpoint was one-year mortality. RESULTS: After retrieving 556 articles, ten studies (76 175 patients) were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Significant differences were found in one-year survival between sex-matched and mismatched recipients (odds ratio (OR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.35, P < .001). In female recipients, we found that sex mismatch was not a risk factor for one-year mortality (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.85-1.00, P = .06). However, in male recipients, we found that it was a risk factor for one-year mortality (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.31-1.44, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Sex mismatch increases one-year mortality after HT in male recipients. Its influence in long-term survival should be further explored with high-quality studies.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Heart transplantation (HT) is the treatment for patients with end-stage heart disease. Despite contradictory reports, survival seems to be worse when donor/recipient sex is mismatched. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesize the evidence on the effect of donor/recipient sex mismatch after HT. METHODS: We searched PubMed and EMBASE until November 2017. Comparative cohort and registry studies were included. Published articles were systematically selected and, when possible, pooled in a meta-analysis. The primary endpoint was one-year mortality. RESULTS: After retrieving 556 articles, ten studies (76 175 patients) were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Significant differences were found in one-year survival between sex-matched and mismatched recipients (odds ratio (OR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.35, P < .001). In female recipients, we found that sex mismatch was not a risk factor for one-year mortality (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.85-1.00, P = .06). However, in male recipients, we found that it was a risk factor for one-year mortality (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.31-1.44, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Sex mismatch increases one-year mortality after HT in male recipients. Its influence in long-term survival should be further explored with high-quality studies.