[Traumatic peripheral nerve lesions : Diagnosis and treatment].

Traumatic peripheral nerve lesions affect patients of all age groups. They are associated with functional deficits that have severe consequences for affected patients and prolonged or permanent inability to work has socioeconomic relevance. In order to improve prognoses and achieve the best possible outcome an early diagnosis and competent knowledge of the correct approach and treatment strategies are essential. Unfortunately, nerve lesions are often not detected in time, so that surgical treatment can only be initiated after a delay. Because of the relatively high proportion of iatrogenic nerve lesions, a profound knowledge of the optimal care of patients with peripheral nerve lesions is compulsory for every doctor who works in the operative field. Surgical treatment of peripheral nerve lesions should remain in the hands of experienced peripheral nerve surgeons. The foundation of successful treatment, however, begins earlier at the initial referral when the patient receives the correct diagnostics and treatment.