Philippe Buchy1, Sibel Ascioglu2, Yves Buisson3, Sanjoy Datta4, Michael Nissen5, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah6, Sirenda Vong7. 1. GSK, 23 Rochester Park, Singapore 139234, Singapore. Electronic address: philippe.x.buchy@gsk.com. 2. GSK, 23 Rochester Park, Singapore 139234, Singapore. Electronic address: sibel.x.ascioglu@gsk.com. 3. Académie Nationale de Médecine, 16 rue Bonaparte, 75006 Paris, France. Electronic address: yvesbuisson@hotmail.com. 4. GSK, 23 Rochester Park, Singapore 139234, Singapore. Electronic address: sanjoy.k.datta@gsk.com. 5. GSK, 23 Rochester Park, Singapore 139234, Singapore. Electronic address: michael.d.nissen@gsk.com. 6. National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore. Electronic address: mdcpat@nus.edu.sg. 7. World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia (WHO SEARO), Metropolitan Hotel, Bangla Sahib Road, Connaught Place, New Delhi 110001, India. Electronic address: vongs@who.int.
Abstract
DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: Antibiotic use drives the development and spread of resistant bacterial infections. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a prolific global issue, due to significant increases in antibiotic use in humans, livestock and agriculture, inappropriate use (under-dosing and over-prescribing), and misuse of antibiotics (for viral infections where they are ineffective). Fewer new antibiotics are being developed. THE PROBLEM OF AMR: AMR is now considered a key threat to global health, leading to more mortality and increased healthcare costs threatening future conduct of routine medical procedures. Traditional approaches to address AMR include antibiotic stewardship, better hygiene/infection control, promoting antibiotic research and development, and restricting use for agricultural purposes. VACCINES AS A TOOL TO REDUCE AMR: While antibiotic development is declining, vaccine technology is growing. This review shows how vaccines can decrease AMR by preventing bacterial and viral infections, thereby reducing the use/misuse of antibiotics, and by preventing antibiotic-resistant infections. Vaccines are less likely to induce resistance. Some future uses and developments of vaccines are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccines, along with other approaches, can help reduce AMR by preventing (resistant) infections and reducing antibiotic use. Industry and governments must focus on the development of novel vaccines and drugs against resistant infections to successfully reduce AMR. A graphical abstract is available online.
DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: Antibiotic use drives the development and spread of resistant bacterial infections. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a prolific global issue, due to significant increases in antibiotic use in humans, livestock and agriculture, inappropriate use (under-dosing and over-prescribing), and misuse of antibiotics (for viral infections where they are ineffective). Fewer new antibiotics are being developed. THE PROBLEM OF AMR: AMR is now considered a key threat to global health, leading to more mortality and increased healthcare costs threatening future conduct of routine medical procedures. Traditional approaches to address AMR include antibiotic stewardship, better hygiene/infection control, promoting antibiotic research and development, and restricting use for agricultural purposes. VACCINES AS A TOOL TO REDUCE AMR: While antibiotic development is declining, vaccine technology is growing. This review shows how vaccines can decrease AMR by preventing bacterial and viral infections, thereby reducing the use/misuse of antibiotics, and by preventing antibiotic-resistant infections. Vaccines are less likely to induce resistance. Some future uses and developments of vaccines are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccines, along with other approaches, can help reduce AMR by preventing (resistant) infections and reducing antibiotic use. Industry and governments must focus on the development of novel vaccines and drugs against resistant infections to successfully reduce AMR. A graphical abstract is available online.
Authors: Essam M Abdelfattah; Pius S Ekong; Emmanuel Okello; Deniece R Williams; Betsy M Karle; Terry W Lehenbauer; Sharif S Aly Journal: Antibiotics (Basel) Date: 2022-01-27
Authors: Pius S Ekong; Essam M Abdelfattah; Emmanuel Okello; Deniece R Williams; Terry W Lehenbauer; Betsy M Karle; Joan D Rowe; Sharif S Aly Journal: PeerJ Date: 2021-07-13 Impact factor: 2.984