CONTEXT: In the aging brain, reduction in the pulsation of cerebral vasculature and fluid circulation causes impairment in the fluid exchange between different compartments and lays a foundation for the neuroinflammation that results in Alzheimer disease (AD). The knowledge that lymphatic vessels in the central nervous system play a role in the clearance of brain-derived metabolic waste products opens an unprecedented capability to increase the clearance of macromolecules such as amyloid β proteins. However, currently there is no pharmacologic mechanism available to increase fluid circulation in the aging brain. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the influence of an osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine (OCMM) technique, specifically, compression of the fourth ventricle, on spatial memory and changes in substrates associated with mechanisms of metabolic waste clearance in the central nervous system using the naturally aged rat model of AD. RESULTS: Significant improvement was found in spatial memory in 6 rats after 7 days of OCMM sessions. Live animal positron emission tomographic imaging and immunoassays revealed that OCMM reduced amyloid β levels, activated astrocytes, and improved neurotransmission in the aged rat brains. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate the molecular mechanism of OCMM in aged rats. This study and further investigations will help physicians promote OCMM as an evidence-based adjunctive treatment for patients with AD.
CONTEXT: In the aging brain, reduction in the pulsation of cerebral vasculature and fluid circulation causes impairment in the fluid exchange between different compartments and lays a foundation for the neuroinflammation that results in Alzheimer disease (AD). The knowledge that lymphatic vessels in the central nervous system play a role in the clearance of brain-derived metabolic waste products opens an unprecedented capability to increase the clearance of macromolecules such as amyloid β proteins. However, currently there is no pharmacologic mechanism available to increase fluid circulation in the aging brain. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the influence of an osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine (OCMM) technique, specifically, compression of the fourth ventricle, on spatial memory and changes in substrates associated with mechanisms of metabolic waste clearance in the central nervous system using the naturally aged rat model of AD. RESULTS: Significant improvement was found in spatial memory in 6 rats after 7 days of OCMM sessions. Live animal positron emission tomographic imaging and immunoassays revealed that OCMM reduced amyloid β levels, activated astrocytes, and improved neurotransmission in the aged rat brains. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate the molecular mechanism of OCMM in aged rats. This study and further investigations will help physicians promote OCMM as an evidence-based adjunctive treatment for patients with AD.
Authors: Wynne K Schiffer; Martine M Mirrione; Anat Biegon; David L Alexoff; Vinal Patel; Stephen L Dewey Journal: J Neurosci Methods Date: 2006-03-07 Impact factor: 2.390
Authors: Luiz Miana; Victor Hugo do Vale Bastos; Sergio Machado; Oscar Arias-Carrión; Antonio Egidio Nardi; Laís Almeida; Pedro Ribeiro; Dionis Machado; Hollis King; Julio Guilherme Silva Journal: J Bodyw Mov Ther Date: 2012-11-16
Authors: Jeffrey J Iliff; Minghuan Wang; Yonghong Liao; Benjamin A Plogg; Weiguo Peng; Georg A Gundersen; Helene Benveniste; G Edward Vates; Rashid Deane; Steven A Goldman; Erlend A Nagelhus; Maiken Nedergaard Journal: Sci Transl Med Date: 2012-08-15 Impact factor: 17.956
Authors: Antoine Louveau; Igor Smirnov; Timothy J Keyes; Jacob D Eccles; Sherin J Rouhani; J David Peske; Noel C Derecki; David Castle; James W Mandell; Kevin S Lee; Tajie H Harris; Jonathan Kipnis Journal: Nature Date: 2015-06-01 Impact factor: 49.962