| Literature DB >> 31607764 |
Carlos A Reyes-Ortiz1,2, Claudia Payan3, Geraldine Altamar4, Fernando Gomez5, Harold G Koenig6,7,8.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship between religiosity and self-rated health among older adults in Colombia.Entities:
Keywords: Colombia; Religion; aged; ageing; attitude to health; educational status; elderly; geriatric assessment; rated health; social class; spirituality
Mesh:
Year: 2019 PMID: 31607764 PMCID: PMC6774580 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i2.4012
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Characteristics of study population, SABE Colombia Study
| Characteristics | Total Population, n=18,871 | |
|---|---|---|
| n (%), or median | (inter quartile range) | |
|
| 67.3 | 62.8-73.5 |
| 60-64 | 6,014 (32.1) | |
| 65=69 | 4,919 (26.2) | |
| 70-74 | 3,559 (18.7) | |
| ≥75 | 4,379 (23.0) | |
|
| 10,580 (55.8) | |
|
| 10,676 (56.6) | |
|
| 2.7 | 0.4-4.8 |
|
| 1.2 | 1.0-1.9 |
| 1 (lowest) | 7,759 (41.0) | |
| 2 | 7,385 (39.2) | |
| 3 | 3,074 (16.3) | |
| 4 | 500 (2.7) | |
| 5-6 (highest) | 153 (0.8) | |
|
| 0.6 | 0.0-1.5 |
| 0 | 5,526 (29.7) | |
| 1 | 6,464 (34.0) | |
| 2 | 4,326 (23.0) | |
| 3 | 1,866 (9.9) | |
| 4 | 557 (2.7) | |
| 5 | 132 (0.7) | |
|
| ||
| None | 725 (3.9) | |
| Somewhat | 5,857 (31.4) | |
| Very | 12,289 (64.7) | |
|
| ||
| Very good | 861 (4.5) | |
| Good | 8,195 (43.7) | |
| Fair | 8,209 (43.5) | |
| Poor | 1,439 (7.5) | |
| Very poor | 167 (0.8) | |
Weighted data are presented. Comorbidity is the sum score including: hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, arthritis, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer.
SES: Socio Economic state
Figure 1Weighted percentage of religiosity by age and gender
Figure 2Weighted percentage of self-rated health by gender
Weighted multivariate logistic regression analyses predicting religiosity,* persons ≥60 years old, SABE Colombia Study, n=18,871.
| All n = 18.871 | Female n = 10.580 | Male n = 8.291 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | OR (IC 95%) | valor | OR (IC 95%) | valor | OR (IC 95%) | valor |
| Age (year) | 1.02 (1.02-1.03) | <0.0001 | 1.03 (1.02-1.04) | <0.0001 | 1.02 (1.01-1.02) | 0.0005 |
| Female (vs male) | 1.97 (1.82-2.13) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Married (vs unmarried) | 1.12 (1.03-1.21) | 0.0052 | 1.09 (0.97-1.23) | 0.1466 | 1.18 (1.03-1.35) | 0.0151 |
| Education (year) | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | 0.5836 | 1.01 (0.99 1.03) | 0.2761 | 0.98 (0.97 1.00) | 0.1313 |
| SES (ordinal) (1 a 4) | 0.95 (0.90-0.99) | 0.0294 | 0.92 (0.85-0.98) | 0.0169 | 0.98 (0.92 1.05) | 0.5464 |
| Comorbidity (0-5) | 1.03 (0.99-1.06) | 0.1310 | 1.02 (0.97-1.07) | 0.3521 | 1.04 (1.09-0.98) | 0.1997 |
* (1-3, greater score is more religious);
OR =odds ratios,
CI =confidence interval.
SES: Socio Economic state
Weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis predicting self-rated health*, persons ≥60 years old, SABE Colombia Study (n=18,871)
| Model 1- Main Effects | Model 2- With Interaction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | OR 95% CI | Estimate (SE) |
| OR 95% CI | Estimate (SE) |
|
| Age (years) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) | 0.003 (0.00) | 0.2724 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.003 (0.00) | 0.3069 |
| Female (vs. male) | 1.17 (1.07-1.27) | 0.078 (0.02) | 0.0005 | -0.163 (0.07) | 0.0322 | |
| Married (vs. unmarried) | 1.02 (0.94-1.09) | 0.008 (0.02) | 0.6734 | 1.02 (0.94-1.09) | 0.008 (0.02) | 0.6527 |
| Education (years) | 0.96 (0.95-0.97) | -0.042 (0.01) | <0.0001 | 0.96 (0.95-0.97) | -0.042 (0.01) | <.0001 |
| SES (1-5) | 0.76 (0.70-0.83) | -0.270 (0.04) | <0.0001 | 0.76 (0.70-0.83) | -0.270 (0.04) | <.0001 |
| Comorbidity (0-5) | 1.53 (1.48-1.58) | 0.425 (0.02) | <0.0001 | 1.53 (1.48-1.58) | 0.425 (0.02) | <.0001 |
| Religiosity (1-3)** | 0.92 (0.86-0.99) | -0.077 (0.03) | 0.0377 | -0.056 (0.03) | 0.0961 | |
| Religiosity*Female | 0.093 (0.02) | 0.0021 | ||||
* Ordinal 1 to 5, higher score is worse health; **1=none, 2= somewhat and 3=very religious.
OR= odds ratios;
CI= confidence interval. Estimate is unstandardized beta;
SE=standard error of the estimate.
SES: Socio Economic state
Weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis predicting self-rated health*, by gender, persons ≥60 years old, SABE Colombia Study
| Characteristics | Model 1, Men n=8,291 | Model 2, Women n=10,580 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR 95% CI |
| OR 95% CI |
| |
| Age (years) | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.4637 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.3350 |
| Married (vs. unmarried) | 0.91 (0.82-1.02) | 0.1086 | 1.02 (0.99-1.21) | 0.0570 |
| Education (years) | 0.94 (0.93-0.96) | <0.0001 | 0.97 (0.96-0.98) | 0.0006 |
| SES (1-5) | 0.75 (0.68-0.83) | <0.0001 | 0.77 (0.70-0.85) | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidity (0-5) | 1.51 (1.44-1.58) | <0.0001 | 1.55 (1.49-1.62) | <0.0001 |
| Religiosity (1-3)** | 0.86 (0.79-0.94) | 0.0010 | 1.03 (0.95-1.13) | 0.4186 |
* Ordinal 1 to 5, higher score is worse health; **1=none, 2= somewhat and 3=very religious.
OR= odds ratios;
CI= confidence interval.
SES: Socio Economic state
Características de la población del estudio SABE Colombia
| Características | Población total, n=18,871 | |
|---|---|---|
| n (%), o mediana | (rango inter cuartil) | |
| 67.3 | 62.8-73.5 | |
| 60-64 | 6,014 (32.1) | |
| 65-69 | 4,919 (26.2) | |
| 70-74 | 3,559 (18.7) | |
| ≥75 | 4,379 (23.0) | |
| 10,580 (55.8) | ||
| 10,676 (56.6) | ||
| 2.7 | 0.4-4.8 | |
| 1.2 | 1.0-1.9 | |
| 1 (mas bajo) | 7,759 (41.0) | |
| 2 | 7,385 (39.2) | |
| 3 | 3,074 (16.3) | |
| 4 | 500 (2.7) | |
| 5-6 (mas alto) | 153 (0.8) | |
| 0.6 | 0.0-1.5 | |
| 0 | 5,526 (29.7) | |
| 1 | 6,464 (34.0) | |
| 2 | 4,326 (23.0) | |
| 3 | 1,866 (9.9) | |
| 4 | 557 (2.7) | |
| 5 | 132 (0.7) | |
| Nada | 725 (3.9) | |
| Algo | 5,857 (31.4) | |
| Muy | 12,289 (64.7) | |
| Muy bien | 861 (4.5) | |
| Bien | 8,195 (43.7) | |
| Regular | 8,209 (43.5) | |
| Pobre | 1,439 (7.5) | |
| Muy pobre | 167 (0.8) | |
Se presentan datos ponderados. Comorbilidad incluye estas condiciones médicas: hipertensión, diabetes, enfermedad coronaria, artritis, accidente cerebrovascular, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y cáncer.
Figure 1Porcentaje ponderado de religiosidad por edad y género
Figure 2Porcentaje ponderado del auto reporte de salud por género
Análisis multivariado ponderado de regresión logística prediciendo religiosidad*, personas ≥60 años, estudio SABE Colombia.
| Todos n = 18.871 | Mujeres n = 10.580 | Hombres n = 8.291 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Características | OR (IC 95%) | valor | OR (IC 95%) | valor p | OR (IC 95%) | valor |
| Edad (años) | 1.02 (1.02-1.03) | <0.0001 | 1.03 (1.02-1.04) | <0.0001 | 1.02 (1.01-1.02) | 0.0005 |
| Mujer (vs hombre) | 1.97 (1.82-2.13) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Casado (vs no casado) | 1.12 (1.03-1.21) | 0.0052 | 1.09 (0.97-1.23) | 0.1466 | 1.18 (1.03-1.35) | 0.0151 |
| Educación (años) | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | 0.5836 | 1.01 (0.99 1.03) | 0.2761 | 0.98 (0.97 1.00) | 0.1313 |
| SES (ordinal) (1 a 4) | 0.95 (0.90-0.99) | 0.0294 | 0.92 (0.85-0.98) | 0.0169 | 0.98 (0.92 1.05) | 0.5464 |
| Comorbilidad (0-5) | 1.03 (0.99-1.06) | 0.1310 | 1.02 (0.97-1.07) | 0.3521 | 1.04 (1.09-0.98) | 0.1997 |
* de 1-3, mayor puntuación es más religioso
OR =odds ratios,
, IC = intervalo de confianza.
SES: estado socioeconómico
Análisis ponderado de regresión logística multivariada prediciendo el auto reporte de salud *, personas ≥60 años de edad, estudio SABE Colombia (n = 18,871)
| Model 1- efectos principales | Model 2- con interacción | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caracteristicas | OR 95% CI | Estimate (SE) | OR 95% CI | Estimate (SE) | ||
| Edad (años) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) | 0.003 (0.00) | 0.2724 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.003 (0.00) | 0.3069 |
| Mujer (vs. hombre) | 1.17 (1.07-1.27) | 0.078 (0.02) | 0.0005 | -0.163 (0.07) | 0.0322 | |
| Casadp (vs. no casado) | 1.02 (0.94-1.09) | 0.008 (0.02) | 0.6734 | 1.02 (0.94-1.09) | 0.008 (0.02) | 0.6527 |
| Educación (años) | 0.96 (0.95-0.97) | -0.042 (0.01) | <0.0001 | 0.96 (0.95-0.97) | -0.042 (0.01) | <.0001 |
| SES (1-5) | 0.76 (0.70-0.83) | -0.270 (0.04) | <0.0001 | 0.76 (0.70-0.83) | -0.270 (0.04) | <.0001 |
| Comorbilidad (0-5) | 1.53 (1.48-1.58) | 0.425 (0.02) | <0.0001 | 1.53 (1.48-1.58) | 0.425 (0.02) | <.0001 |
| Religiosidad (1-3)** | 0.92 (0.86-0.99) | -0.077 (0.03) | 0.0377 | -0.056 (0.03) | 0.0961 | |
| Religiosidad*mujer | 0.093 (0.02) | 0.0021 | ||||
* Ordinal 1 a 5, mayor puntuación es la peor salud; ** 1 = nada, 2 = algo y 3 = muy religioso
OR= odds ratios;
IC = intervalo de confianza. Estimación es no estandarizada
EE = error estándar de la estimación
SES: estado socioeconómico
Análisis ponderado de regresión logística multivariada prediciendo el auto reporte de salud *, por sexo, personas ≥60 años de edad, estudio SABE Colombia
| Características | Model 1, Hombres n=8,291 | Model 2, Mujeres n=10,580 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR IC 95% | Valor | OR IC 95% | Valor | |
| Edad (años) | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.4637 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.3350 |
| Casado (vs. no casado) | 0.91 (0.82-1.02) | 0.1086 | 1.02 (0.99-1.21) | 0.0570 |
| Educación (añoss) | 0.94 (0.93-0.96) | <0.0001 | 0.97 (0.96-0.98) | 0.0006 |
| SES (1-5) | 0.75 (0.68-0.83) | <0.0001 | 0.77 (0.70-0.85) | <0.0001 |
| Comorbilidad (0-5) | 1.51 (1.44-1.58) | <0.0001 | 1.55 (1.49-1.62) | <0.0001 |
| Religiosidad (1-3)** | 0.86 (0.79-0.94) | 0.0010 | 1.03 (0.95-1.13) | 0.4186 |
* Ordinal de 1 a 5, mayor puntuación es la peor salud; ** 1 = nada, 2 = algo y 3 = muy religioso
OR= odds ratios
IC = intervalo de confianza
SES: estado socioeconómico
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| Self-rated health (SRH) is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in older adults. We wanted to see whether religiousness was associated with SRH in a large population among Colombian older adults. |
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| A cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015 involving 18,871 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older living in the country of Colombia. Older adults in Colombia who consider themselves more religious, especially men, are less likely to perceive their physical health as poor compared to those who are less religious. |
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| Religiosity is an important resource for older adults. If religiosity improves self-rated health among older adults, or improves the perceptions that they have about their health, then they are more likely to feel better about themselves and may be more likely to seek healthcare services in a more appropriate manner. |
| El auto reporte de salud (ARS) es un importante predictor de morbilidad y mortalidad en adultos mayores. Queríamos ver si la religiosidad estaba asociada con el ARS en una gran población de adultos mayores colombianos. |
| Una encuesta transversal realizada en 2015 en la que participaron 18,871 adultos de 60 años de edad o más que viven en la comunidad y que viven en zonas urbanas y rurales de Colombia. Los adultos mayores en Colombia que se consideran más religiosos, especialmente los hombres, tienen menos probabilidades de percibir su salud como pobre en comparación con aquellos que son menos religiosos. |
| La religiosidad es un recurso importante para los adultos mayores. Si la religiosidad mejora el auto reporte de salud entre los adultos mayores, o si mejora las percepciones que tienen sobre su salud, entonces es más probable que se sientan mejor con ellos mismos y es más probable que busquen servicios de atención médica de una manera más apropiada. |