Manfred Blobner1, Jennifer M Hunter2, Claude Meistelman3, Andreas Hoeft4, Markus W Hollmann5, Eva Kirmeier6, Heidrun Lewald6, Kurt Ulm7. 1. Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Electronic address: m.blobner@tum.de. 2. Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Liverpool University, Liverpool, UK. 3. Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Nancy, Nancy, France. 4. Department of Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. 5. Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 6. Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. 7. Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prospective observational European multicentre cohort study (POPULAR) of postoperative pulmonary complications (NCT01865513) did not demonstrate that adherence to the recommended train-of-four ratio (TOFR) of 0.9 before extubation was associated with better pulmonary outcomes from the first postoperative day up to hospital discharge. We re-analysed the POPULAR data as to whether there existed a better threshold for TOFR recovery before extubation to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who had quantitative neuromuscular monitoring (87% acceleromyography). METHODS: To identify the optimal TOFR, the complete case cohort of patients with quantitative neuromuscular monitoring (n=3150) was split into several pairs of sub-cohorts related to TOFR values from 0.86 to 0.96; values of 0.97 and higher could not be used as the sub-cohorts were too small. The optimal TOFR was considered to have the lowest P-value from multivariate logistic regression calculated for each of the TOFR values. Data are presented as adjusted absolute risk reduction or median difference with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: Extubating patients with TOFR >0.95 rather than >0.9 reduced the adjusted risk of postoperative pulmonary complications by 3.5% (0.7-6.0%) from that reported in POPULAR (11.3%). Increasing the recommended TOFR from 0.9 to 0.95 reduced the adjusted risk by 4.9% (1.2-8.5%). Sub-cohorts resulting from 1:1 propensity score matching revealed that sugammadex had been given in higher doses by 0.30 (0.13-0.48) mg kg-1 in the sub-cohort with TOFR > 0.95. CONCLUSIONS: A post hoc analysis of patients receiving quantitative monitoring of neuromuscular function suggests that postoperative pulmonary complications are reduced for TOFR > 0.95 before tracheal extubation compared with TOFR > 0.9. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01865513.
BACKGROUND: The prospective observational European multicentre cohort study (POPULAR) of postoperative pulmonary complications (NCT01865513) did not demonstrate that adherence to the recommended train-of-four ratio (TOFR) of 0.9 before extubation was associated with better pulmonary outcomes from the first postoperative day up to hospital discharge. We re-analysed the POPULAR data as to whether there existed a better threshold for TOFR recovery before extubation to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who had quantitative neuromuscular monitoring (87% acceleromyography). METHODS: To identify the optimal TOFR, the complete case cohort of patients with quantitative neuromuscular monitoring (n=3150) was split into several pairs of sub-cohorts related to TOFR values from 0.86 to 0.96; values of 0.97 and higher could not be used as the sub-cohorts were too small. The optimal TOFR was considered to have the lowest P-value from multivariate logistic regression calculated for each of the TOFR values. Data are presented as adjusted absolute risk reduction or median difference with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: Extubating patients with TOFR >0.95 rather than >0.9 reduced the adjusted risk of postoperative pulmonary complications by 3.5% (0.7-6.0%) from that reported in POPULAR (11.3%). Increasing the recommended TOFR from 0.9 to 0.95 reduced the adjusted risk by 4.9% (1.2-8.5%). Sub-cohorts resulting from 1:1 propensity score matching revealed that sugammadex had been given in higher doses by 0.30 (0.13-0.48) mg kg-1 in the sub-cohort with TOFR > 0.95. CONCLUSIONS: A post hoc analysis of patients receiving quantitative monitoring of neuromuscular function suggests that postoperative pulmonary complications are reduced for TOFR > 0.95 before tracheal extubation compared with TOFR > 0.9. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01865513.
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