Using Near Miss Model to Evaluate the Quality of Maternal Care at a Tertiary Health-Care Center: A Prospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Near miss (NM) concept has led to a more comprehensive and better assessment of effect of care on maternal health. It indicates the degree of organ function failure in the wide spectrum of severity.
METHODS: This was a prospective observational study conducted from July 2015 to Feb 2016. Among women with potentially life-threatening conditions (PLTCs), those fulfilling one or more WHO NM criteria were included and followed up till the final outcome (NM or death). Various critical interventions done in them were associated with the final outcome. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated for assessment of overall quality of health care provided.
RESULTS: One thousand seven hundred and thirty-nine patients had PLTCs of which 174 (10%) patients were identified as NM. Of 174 patients, 116 patients (66.66%) were discharged in stable condition (group A) and 58 patients (33.34%) died (group B). Hemorrhage (31.8%) was the most frequent complication in group A followed by hypertensive disorders (18.1%) and severe anemia (11.2%). The two most common causes of maternal mortality were hypertensive disorders (27.6%) and hemorrhage (24.1%). Only two critical interventions (assisted ventilation and massive blood transfusion) had significant association with the final outcome. SMR of our center was 1.187 indicating adequate quality of provision of care to the patients.
CONCLUSION: Hemorrhage and hypertensive disorders were the two most common causes of NM and deaths highlighting the importance of their prompt diagnosis and vigorous management. Periodic SMR calculation can be used as an audit to guide us in improving the overall status of maternal health. © Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India 2019.