Lisa M Kopp1, Suman Malempati2, Mark Krailo3, Yun Gao4, Allen Buxton4, Brenda J Weigel5, Thomas Hawthorne6, Elizabeth Crowley6, Jeffrey A Moscow7, Joel M Reid8, Victor Villalobos9, R Lor Randall10, Richard Gorlick11, Katherine A Janeway12. 1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. Electronic address: lkopp@email.arizona.edu. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA. 3. Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 4. Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA. 5. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA. 6. Celldex Therapeutics, USA. 7. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. 8. Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 9. Division of Medical Oncology, UC Denver, Denver, CO, USA. 10. Department of Orthopedics, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA. 11. Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. 12. Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prognosis is poor for children and adolescents with recurrent osteosarcoma (OS). Glycoprotein non-metastatic B (gpNMB) is a glycoprotein highly expressed in OS cells. We conducted a phase II study of glembatumumab vedotin (GV), a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody (CR011) against gpNMB conjugated to the microtubule inhibitor, monomethyl auristatin E. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients aged ≥12 years and <50 years with relapsed or refractory OS were eligible. GV 1.9 mg/kg/dose was administered on day 1 of each 21 day cycle. Pharmacokinetics were mandatory in patients aged <15 years. gpNMB expression was measured by immunohistochemistry. The primary end-point was disease control at 4 months and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours response. A 2-stage design was used to determine efficacy. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were enrolled, and all were evaluable for response. Antibody-drug conjugate levels were detectable in patients, although small numbers limit comparison to adult data. The toxicities observed were similar to the previous studies with GV. The most common grade III adverse event was rash. One death from end organ failure occurred possibly related to GV. Of the 22 patients, one patient had a partial response, and two had stable disease. There was no correlation between gpNMB expression and response to GV. CONCLUSIONS: GV was well tolerated in this population. Although there was some antitumour activity, the extent of disease control in stage I did not meet the level required to proceed to stage II. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT02487979.
BACKGROUND: The prognosis is poor for children and adolescents with recurrent osteosarcoma (OS). Glycoprotein non-metastatic B (gpNMB) is a glycoprotein highly expressed in OS cells. We conducted a phase II study of glembatumumab vedotin (GV), a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody (CR011) against gpNMB conjugated to the microtubule inhibitor, monomethyl auristatin E. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients aged ≥12 years and <50 years with relapsed or refractory OS were eligible. GV 1.9 mg/kg/dose was administered on day 1 of each 21 day cycle. Pharmacokinetics were mandatory in patients aged <15 years. gpNMB expression was measured by immunohistochemistry. The primary end-point was disease control at 4 months and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours response. A 2-stage design was used to determine efficacy. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were enrolled, and all were evaluable for response. Antibody-drug conjugate levels were detectable in patients, although small numbers limit comparison to adult data. The toxicities observed were similar to the previous studies with GV. The most common grade III adverse event was rash. One death from end organ failure occurred possibly related to GV. Of the 22 patients, one patient had a partial response, and two had stable disease. There was no correlation between gpNMB expression and response to GV. CONCLUSIONS:GV was well tolerated in this population. Although there was some antitumour activity, the extent of disease control in stage I did not meet the level required to proceed to stage II. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT02487979.
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