Kaspar Josche Streitberger1, Christian Endisch1, Christoph J Ploner1, Robert Stevens2, Michael Scheel3, Martin Kenda1, Christian Storm4, Christoph Leithner5. 1. Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. 2. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medicine Baltimore, MA, USA. 3. Department of Neuroradiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. 4. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medicine Baltimore, MA, USA; Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. 5. Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: christoph.leithner@charite.de.
Abstract
AIM: Gray-white-matter ratio (GWR) calculated from head CT is a radiologic index of tissue changes associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after cardiac arrest (CA). Evidence from previous studies indicates high specificity for poor outcome prediction at GWR thresholds of 1.10-1.20. We aimed to determine the relationship between accuracy of neurologic prognostication by GWR and timing of CT. METHODS: We included 195 patients admitted to the ICU following CA. GWR was calculated from CT radiologic densities in 16 regions of interest. Outcome was determined upon intensive care unit discharge using the cerebral performance category (CPC). Accuracy of outcome prediction of GWR was compared for 3 epochs (<6, 6-24, and >24 h after CA). RESULTS: 125 (64%) patients had poor (CPC4-5) and 70 (36%) good outcome (CPC1-3). Irrespective of timing, specificity for poor outcome prediction was 100% at a GWR threshold of 1.10. Among 50 patients with both early and late CT, GWR decreased significantly over time (p = 0.002) in patients with poor outcome, sensitivity for poor outcome prediction was 12% (7-20%) with early CTs (<6 h) and 48% (38-58%) for late CTs (>24 h). Across all patients, sensitivity of early and late CT was 17% (9-28%) and 39% (28-51%), respectively. CONCLUSION: A GWR below 1.10 predicts poor outcome (CPC4-5) in patients after CA with high specificity irrespective of time of acquisition of CT. Because GWR decreases over time in patients with severe HIE, sensitivity for prediction of poor outcome is higher for late CTs (>24 h after CA) as compared to early CTs (<6 h after CA).
AIM: Gray-white-matter ratio (GWR) calculated from head CT is a radiologic index of tissue changes associated with hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy after cardiac arrest (CA). Evidence from previous studies indicates high specificity for poor outcome prediction at GWR thresholds of 1.10-1.20. We aimed to determine the relationship between accuracy of neurologic prognostication by GWR and timing of CT. METHODS: We included 195 patients admitted to the ICU following CA. GWR was calculated from CT radiologic densities in 16 regions of interest. Outcome was determined upon intensive care unit discharge using the cerebral performance category (CPC). Accuracy of outcome prediction of GWR was compared for 3 epochs (<6, 6-24, and >24 h after CA). RESULTS: 125 (64%) patients had poor (CPC4-5) and 70 (36%) good outcome (CPC1-3). Irrespective of timing, specificity for poor outcome prediction was 100% at a GWR threshold of 1.10. Among 50 patients with both early and late CT, GWR decreased significantly over time (p = 0.002) in patients with poor outcome, sensitivity for poor outcome prediction was 12% (7-20%) with early CTs (<6 h) and 48% (38-58%) for late CTs (>24 h). Across all patients, sensitivity of early and late CT was 17% (9-28%) and 39% (28-51%), respectively. CONCLUSION: A GWR below 1.10 predicts poor outcome (CPC4-5) in patients after CA with high specificity irrespective of time of acquisition of CT. Because GWR decreases over time in patients with severe HIE, sensitivity for prediction of poor outcome is higher for late CTs (>24 h after CA) as compared to early CTs (<6 h after CA).
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