Aubrey Spriggs Madkour1, Erica Felker-Kantor1, Maeve Wallace1, Tekeda Ferguson2,3, David A Welsh4,3, Patricia E Molina5,3, Katherine P Theall1,3. 1. Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2200, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. 2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University, 2020 Gravier Street, 3rd Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. 3. Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, 1901 Perdido Street, 7th Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. 4. Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, 1901 Perdido Street, 3rd Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. 5. Department of Physiology Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, 1901 Perdido Street, 7th Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Abstract
AIMS: To characterize latent typologies of alcohol use among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) and test their relationship with physical and mental health status. METHODS: Baseline data from 365 adult in-care PLWH enrolled in the New Orleans Alcohol Use in HIV study were analyzed. Indicators of current and former heavy drinking, intoxication, withdrawal and dependence symptoms, alcohol-related problems and past contact with alcohol use treatment were drawn from validated scales. Physical and mental health measures included SF-36 subscales, medication non-adherence and anxiety, depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. Latent class analysis was conducted to characterize alcohol drinking typologies. Logistic and ordinary least-squares regression were employed to test associations between alcohol use and health status. RESULTS: Four latent classes were identified: heavy drinkers (36%), former heavy drinkers (14%), heavy drinkers with problems (12%) and low-risk drinkers/abstainers (38%). Controlling for background characteristics, low-risk drinkers/abstainers showed significantly better health compared to heavy drinkers with problems across most domains. Although current and former heavy drinkers without alcohol-related problems were similar to heavy drinkers with problems in most health domains, they presented worse mental health and energy compared to low-risk drinkers/abstainers. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy drinkers with alcohol-related problems evidenced the worst health status among PLWH, and should be considered for mental and physical health interventions. However, interventions to improve physical and mental health of PLWH should consider history of heavy alcohol use, as current alcohol use status alone may be insufficient for identifying groups at increased risk.
AIMS: To characterize latent typologies of alcohol use among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) and test their relationship with physical and mental health status. METHODS: Baseline data from 365 adult in-care PLWH enrolled in the New Orleans Alcohol Use in HIV study were analyzed. Indicators of current and former heavy drinking, intoxication, withdrawal and dependence symptoms, alcohol-related problems and past contact with alcohol use treatment were drawn from validated scales. Physical and mental health measures included SF-36 subscales, medication non-adherence and anxiety, depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. Latent class analysis was conducted to characterize alcohol drinking typologies. Logistic and ordinary least-squares regression were employed to test associations between alcohol use and health status. RESULTS: Four latent classes were identified: heavy drinkers (36%), former heavy drinkers (14%), heavy drinkers with problems (12%) and low-risk drinkers/abstainers (38%). Controlling for background characteristics, low-risk drinkers/abstainers showed significantly better health compared to heavy drinkers with problems across most domains. Although current and former heavy drinkers without alcohol-related problems were similar to heavy drinkers with problems in most health domains, they presented worse mental health and energy compared to low-risk drinkers/abstainers. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy drinkers with alcohol-related problems evidenced the worst health status among PLWH, and should be considered for mental and physical health interventions. However, interventions to improve physical and mental health of PLWH should consider history of heavy alcohol use, as current alcohol use status alone may be insufficient for identifying groups at increased risk.
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