Mengyuan Wang1,2, Christopher M Stafford3, Lewis M Cox4, Adrienne K Blevins1,2, Masoud Aghajani2, Jason P Killgore5, Yifu Ding1,2. 1. Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA. 2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0427, USA. 3. Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA. 4. Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT,59717-3800, USA. 5. Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO 80305, USA.
Abstract
Controlled growth of crosslinked polyamide (PA) thin films is demonstrated at the interface of a monomer-soaked hydrogel and an organic solution of the complementary monomer. Termed gel-liquid interfacial polymerization (GLIP), the resulting PA films are measured to be chemically and mechanically analogous to the active layer in thin film composite membranes. PA thin films are prepared using the GLIP process on both a morphologically homogeneous hydrogel prepared from poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) and a phase-separated, heterogeneous hydrogel prepared from poly(acrylamide) (PAAm). Two monomer systems are examined: trimesoyl chloride (TMC) reacting with m-phenylene diamine (MPD) and TMC reacting with piperazine (PIP). Unlike the self-limiting growth behavior in TFC membrane fabrication, diffusion-limited, continuous growth of the PA films is observed, where both the thickness and roughness of the PA layers increase with reaction time. A key morphological difference is found between the two monomer systems using the GLIP process: TMC/MPD produces a ridge-and-valley surface morphology whereas TMC/PIP produces nodule/granular structures. The GLIP process represents a unique opportunity to not only explore the pore characteristics (size, spacing, and continuity) on the resulting structure and morphology of interfacially polymerized thin films, but also a method to modify the surface of (or encapsulate) hydrogels.
Controlled growth of crosslinked n class="Chemical">polyamide (PA) thin films is demonstrated at the interface of a monomer-soaked hydrogel and an organic solution of the complementary monomer. Termed gel-liquid interfacial polymerization (GLIP), the resulting PA films are measured to be chemically and mechanically analogous to the active layer in thin film composite membranes. PA thin films are prepared using the GLIP process on both a morphologically homogeneous hydrogel prepared from poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) and a phase-separated, heterogeneous hydrogel prepared from poly(acrylamide) (PAAm). Two monomer systems are examined: trimesoyl chloride (TMC) reacting with m-phenylene diamine (MPD) and TMC reacting with piperazine (PIP). Unlike the self-limiting growth behavior in TFC membrane fabrication, diffusion-limited, continuous growth of the PA films is observed, where both the thickness and roughness of the PA layers increase with reaction time. A key morphological difference is found between the two monomer systems using the GLIP process: TMC/MPD produces a ridge-and-valley surface morphology whereas TMC/PIP produces nodule/granular structures. The GLIP process represents a unique opportunity to not only explore the pore characteristics (size, spacing, and continuity) on the resulting structure and morphology of interfacially polymerized thin films, but also a method to modify the surface of (or encapsulate) hydrogels.
Authors: Katleen Boussu; Jérémie De Baerdemaeker; Charles Dauwe; Marc Weber; Kelvin G Lynn; Diederik Depla; Steliana Aldea; Ivo F J Vankelecom; Carlo Vandecasteele; Bart Van der Bruggen Journal: Chemphyschem Date: 2007-02-19 Impact factor: 3.102
Authors: Mengyuan Wang; Justin M Gorham; Jason P Killgore; Maryam Omidvar; Haiqing Lin; Frank W DelRio; Lewis M Cox; Zheng Zhang; Yifu Ding Journal: ACS Appl Mater Interfaces Date: 2017-08-10 Impact factor: 9.229