PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The microbiota in mammalian hosts can affect maturation and function of the immune system and has been associated with health and disease. We will review new findings on how this dynamic environmental factor impacts alloimmunity and therapy in transplant hosts. RECENT FINDINGS: The microbiota changes after transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy. New data indicate that different microbial community structures have distinct impact on graft outcome, from promoting, to inhibiting or being neutral to transplant survival. In addition, we will address reciprocal interactions between the microbiota and immunosuppressive drugs, as well as the suitability of the microbiota as a predictive biomarker and its utility as adjunct therapy in transplantation. SUMMARY: Advances in microbiome sequencing and wider availability of gnotobiotic facilities are enabling mechanistic investigations into the commensal communities and pathways that modulate allograft outcome, responsiveness to immunosuppression and side effects of drugs. A better understanding of the functions of the microbiota may help mitigate drug toxicity, predict drug dosage and dampen alloimmunity in transplant patients.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The microbiota in mammalian hosts can affect maturation and function of the immune system and has been associated with health and disease. We will review new findings on how this dynamic environmental factor impacts alloimmunity and therapy in transplant hosts. RECENT FINDINGS: The microbiota changes after transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy. New data indicate that different microbial community structures have distinct impact on graft outcome, from promoting, to inhibiting or being neutral to transplant survival. In addition, we will address reciprocal interactions between the microbiota and immunosuppressive drugs, as well as the suitability of the microbiota as a predictive biomarker and its utility as adjunct therapy in transplantation. SUMMARY: Advances in microbiome sequencing and wider availability of gnotobiotic facilities are enabling mechanistic investigations into the commensal communities and pathways that modulate allograft outcome, responsiveness to immunosuppression and side effects of drugs. A better understanding of the functions of the microbiota may help mitigate drug toxicity, predict drug dosage and dampen alloimmunity in transplant patients.
Authors: Qiang Wu; Benjamin Turturice; Sarah Wagner; Yue Huang; Pawan Kumar Gupta; Cody Schott; Ahmed Metwally; Ravi Ranjan; David Perkins; Maria-Luisa Alegre; Patricia Finn; G R Scott Budinger; Rebecca Shilling; Ankit Bharat Journal: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Date: 2019-01 Impact factor: 6.914
Authors: A A Abbas; J M Diamond; C Chehoud; B Chang; J J Kotzin; J C Young; I Imai; A R Haas; E Cantu; D J Lederer; K C Meyer; R K Milewski; K M Olthoff; A Shaked; J D Christie; F D Bushman; R G Collman Journal: Am J Transplant Date: 2016-11-04 Impact factor: 8.086
Authors: Yun Kyung Lee; Juscilene S Menezes; Yoshinori Umesaki; Sarkis K Mazmanian Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2010-07-26 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Dana L Willner; Philip Hugenholtz; Stephanie T Yerkovich; Maxine E Tan; Joshua N Daly; Nancy Lachner; Peter M Hopkins; Daniel C Chambers Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2013-01-17 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: Elizabeth Stanley Shepherd; William C DeLoache; Kali M Pruss; Weston R Whitaker; Justin L Sonnenburg Journal: Nature Date: 2018-05-09 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Tara K Sigdel; Neil Mercer; Sharvin Nandoe; Carrie D Nicora; Kristin Burnum-Johnson; Wei-Jun Qian; Minnie M Sarwal Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) Date: 2018-04-19