Raminta Daniulaityte1, Ramzi W Nahhas2, Sydney Silverstein3, Silvia Martins4, Angela Zaragoza3, Avery Moeller3, Robert G Carlson3. 1. Center for Interventions, Treatment, and Addictions Research, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, United States. Electronic address: raminta.daniulaityte@wright.edu. 2. Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, United States. 3. Center for Interventions, Treatment, and Addictions Research, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, United States. 4. Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, United States.
Abstract
AIM: Non-prescribed buprenorphine (NPB) use increased in the US. This study aims to characterize heterogeneity in patterns of NPB and other opioid use among individuals with current opioid use disorder. METHODS: The study recruited 356 participants in Dayton (Montgomery County), Ohio, area in 2017-2018 using targeted and Respondent Driven Sampling. Participants met the following criteria: 1) 18 years or older, 2) current moderate/severe opioid use disorder (DSM-5), 3) past 6-month NPB use. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify subgroups based on past 6-month (days of NPB and heroin/fentanyl use; use of NPB to get high; use of non-prescribed and prescribed pharmaceutical opioids; participation in formal treatment) and lifetime (years since first NPB and other illicit opioid use) characteristics. Selected auxiliary variables were compared across classes using Asparouhov and Muthén's 3-step approach. RESULTS: 49.7% were female, and 88.8% were non-Hispanic whites. 89% used NPB to self-treat withdrawal. LCA resulted in three classes: "Heavy Heroin/Fentanyl Use" (61%), "More Formal Treatment Use" (29%) and "Intense NPB Use" (10%). After adjusting for multiple testing, the following past 6-month variables differed significantly between classes: injection as a primary route of heroin/fentanyl administration (p < 0.001), cocaine use (p = 0.044), unintentional drug overdose (p = 0.023), and homelessness (p = 0.044), with the "Intense NPB Use" class having the lowest prevalences. CONCLUSION: Predominance of self-treatment goals and the association between more intense NPB use and lower risks of adverse consequences suggest potential harm minimization benefits of NPB use. More research is needed to understand consequences of NPB use over time.
AIM: Non-prescribed buprenorphine (NPB) use increased in the US. This study aims to characterize heterogeneity in patterns of NPB and other opioid use among individuals with current opioid use disorder. METHODS: The study recruited 356 participants in Dayton (Montgomery County), Ohio, area in 2017-2018 using targeted and Respondent Driven Sampling. Participants met the following criteria: 1) 18 years or older, 2) current moderate/severe opioid use disorder (DSM-5), 3) past 6-month NPB use. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify subgroups based on past 6-month (days of NPB and heroin/fentanyl use; use of NPB to get high; use of non-prescribed and prescribed pharmaceutical opioids; participation in formal treatment) and lifetime (years since first NPB and other illicit opioid use) characteristics. Selected auxiliary variables were compared across classes using Asparouhov and Muthén's 3-step approach. RESULTS: 49.7% were female, and 88.8% were non-Hispanic whites. 89% used NPB to self-treat withdrawal. LCA resulted in three classes: "Heavy Heroin/Fentanyl Use" (61%), "More Formal Treatment Use" (29%) and "Intense NPB Use" (10%). After adjusting for multiple testing, the following past 6-month variables differed significantly between classes: injection as a primary route of heroin/fentanyl administration (p < 0.001), cocaine use (p = 0.044), unintentional drug overdose (p = 0.023), and homelessness (p = 0.044), with the "Intense NPB Use" class having the lowest prevalences. CONCLUSION: Predominance of self-treatment goals and the association between more intense NPB use and lower risks of adverse consequences suggest potential harm minimization benefits of NPB use. More research is needed to understand consequences of NPB use over time.
Authors: Paul A Harris; Robert Taylor; Robert Thielke; Jonathon Payne; Nathaniel Gonzalez; Jose G Conde Journal: J Biomed Inform Date: 2008-09-30 Impact factor: 6.317
Authors: Gail D'Onofrio; Marek C Chawarski; Patrick G O'Connor; Michael V Pantalon; Susan H Busch; Patricia H Owens; Kathryn Hawk; Steven L Bernstein; David A Fiellin Journal: J Gen Intern Med Date: 2017-02-13 Impact factor: 5.128
Authors: Dennis M Donovan; George E Bigelow; Gregory S Brigham; Kathleen M Carroll; Allan J Cohen; John G Gardin; John A Hamilton; Marilyn A Huestis; John R Hughes; Robert Lindblad; G Alan Marlatt; Kenzie L Preston; Jeffrey A Selzer; Eugene C Somoza; Paul G Wakim; Elizabeth A Wells Journal: Addiction Date: 2011-07-22 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Raminta Daniulaityte; Matthew P Juhascik; Kraig E Strayer; Ioana E Sizemore; Mussa Zatreh; Ramzi W Nahhas; Kent E Harshbarger; Heather M Antonides; Silvia S Martins; Robert G Carlson Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2019-03-18 Impact factor: 4.852
Authors: Elenore Patterson Bhatraju; Ellie Grossman; Babak Tofighi; Jennifer McNeely; Danae DiRocco; Mara Flannery; Ann Garment; Keith Goldfeld; Marc N Gourevitch; Joshua D Lee Journal: Addict Sci Clin Pract Date: 2017-02-28
Authors: E Andrew Townsend; Paul T Bremer; Kaycee E Faunce; S Stevens Negus; Alaina M Jaster; Hannah L Robinson; Kim D Janda; Matthew L Banks Journal: ACS Chem Neurosci Date: 2020-04-22 Impact factor: 4.418
Authors: Raminta Daniulaityte; Sydney M Silverstein; Timothy N Crawford; Silvia S Martins; William Zule; Angela J Zaragoza; Robert G Carlson Journal: Subst Use Misuse Date: 2020-05-22 Impact factor: 2.164
Authors: Ricky N Bluthenthal; Kelsey Simpson; Rachel Carmen Ceasar; Johnathan Zhao; Lynn Wenger; Alex H Kral Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2020-03-18 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Sydney M Silverstein; Raminta Daniulaityte; Shannon C Miller; Silvia S Martins; Robert G Carlson Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2020-03-16 Impact factor: 4.492