Nadja Naef1, Flavia Wehrle2, Valentin Rousson3, Beatrice Latal2. 1. Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 2. Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 3. Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne Switzerland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess cohort and individual neurodevelopmental stability in children with congenital heart disease across childhood. STUDY DESIGN: The Reachout Study is a cohort study at the University Children's Hospital Zurich. Data from 148 children with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery and 1-, 4-, and 6-year neurodevelopmental assessment were analyzed using mixed models. RESULTS: Cognitive and motor functions of the total cohort improved over time (cognitive: P = .01; motor: P <.001). The prevalence of children with cognitive impairment at age 6 years was 22.3%. Socioeconomic status showed a significant interaction with age on cognitive and motor development (cognitive: P <.001; motor: P = .001): higher socioeconomic status was associated with better neurodevelopmental outcome over time. Weight and head circumference at birth showed a significant interaction with age on motor development (weight: P = .048; head: P = .006). The correlation between test scores at different ages was weak to moderate (cognition: age 1-6 years: rho = 0.20, age 4-6 years: rho = 0.56, motor: age 1-6 years: rho = 0.23, age 4-6 years: rho = 0.50). CONCLUSIONS: Children with congenital heart disease show a mild improvement in cognitive and motor functions within the first 6 years of life, particularly those with higher socioeconomic status and larger head circumference and weight at birth. However, individual stability is moderate at best. Therefore, follow-up assessments are crucial to target therapeutic intervention effectively.
OBJECTIVE: To assess cohort and individual neurodevelopmental stability in children with congenital heart disease across childhood. STUDY DESIGN: The Reachout Study is a cohort study at the University Children's Hospital Zurich. Data from 148 children with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery and 1-, 4-, and 6-year neurodevelopmental assessment were analyzed using mixed models. RESULTS: Cognitive and motor functions of the total cohort improved over time (cognitive: P = .01; motor: P <.001). The prevalence of children with cognitive impairment at age 6 years was 22.3%. Socioeconomic status showed a significant interaction with age on cognitive and motor development (cognitive: P <.001; motor: P = .001): higher socioeconomic status was associated with better neurodevelopmental outcome over time. Weight and head circumference at birth showed a significant interaction with age on motor development (weight: P = .048; head: P = .006). The correlation between test scores at different ages was weak to moderate (cognition: age 1-6 years: rho = 0.20, age 4-6 years: rho = 0.56, motor: age 1-6 years: rho = 0.23, age 4-6 years: rho = 0.50). CONCLUSIONS:Children with congenital heart disease show a mild improvement in cognitive and motor functions within the first 6 years of life, particularly those with higher socioeconomic status and larger head circumference and weight at birth. However, individual stability is moderate at best. Therefore, follow-up assessments are crucial to target therapeutic intervention effectively.
Authors: Raymond Stegeman; Maaike C A Sprong; Johannes M P J Breur; Floris Groenendaal; Linda S de Vries; Felix Haas; Janjaap van der Net; Nicolaas J G Jansen; Manon J N L Benders; Nathalie H P Claessens Journal: Dev Med Child Neurol Date: 2021-08-20 Impact factor: 4.864
Authors: Flavia M Wehrle; Jon Caflisch; Dominique A Eichelberger; Giulia Haller; Beatrice Latal; Remo H Largo; Tanja H Kakebeeke; Oskar G Jenni Journal: Front Hum Neurosci Date: 2021-01-28 Impact factor: 3.169
Authors: Maaike C A Sprong; Marco van Brussel; Linda S de Vries; Janjaap van der Net; Joppe Nijman; Johannes M P J Breur; Martijn G Slieker Journal: Children (Basel) Date: 2022-04-16