Diane E Logan1, Alysa M Lavoie1, William R Zwick1, Kevin Kunz2, Melissa A Bumgardner3, Yamilé Molina4. 1. Behavioral Health Department, West Hawaii Community Health Center. 2. The American College of Academic Addiction Medicine. 3. Pharmacy Services Department, West Hawaii Community Health Center. 4. Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Center for Research on Women and Gender, Office of Community Engagement, Research, and Implementation Science, Cancer Center, University of Illinois-Chicago.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study describes the role of behavioral health in an addiction medicine program integrated in a primary care clinic, and evaluates retention, substance use, and mental health symptoms for patients in a rural underserved community. METHOD: Data were abstracted from records of patients referred for buprenorphine treatment of opioid use disorder (N = 101; 45% female, 23% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, Mage = 42.5, SD = 12.75). Among patients prescribed buprenorphine (n = 61), most had comorbid substance-related diagnoses (72% with tobacco use, 75% with at least one other substance use disorder) and non-substance-related mental health diagnoses (77%), most commonly depression and anxiety. Integrated sessions with a behavioral health provider and a buprenorphine-waivered prescriber occurred weekly to monthly. Participants completed depression and anxiety questionnaires (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7) and provided urine samples at each visit. RESULTS: Most patients (72%) were retained for at least 3 months, with early dropout associated with higher initial depression and anxiety scores. Inconsistent urine drug tests (i.e., those positive for illicit/nonprescribed substances) were significantly more common at treatment initiation (74%) than during the most recent visit (43%, p < .001), and were associated with baseline substance and other mental health factors, as well as shorter treatment duration. Generalized estimating equations models suggested time-based improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms, especially for patients retained for at least 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Integrating wraparound addiction treatment within a rural primary care setting is feasible and associated with improved mental health and retention outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study describes the role of behavioral health in an addiction medicine program integrated in a primary care clinic, and evaluates retention, substance use, and mental health symptoms for patients in a rural underserved community. METHOD: Data were abstracted from records of patients referred for buprenorphine treatment of opioid use disorder (N = 101; 45% female, 23% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, Mage = 42.5, SD = 12.75). Among patients prescribed buprenorphine (n = 61), most had comorbid substance-related diagnoses (72% with tobacco use, 75% with at least one other substance use disorder) and non-substance-related mental health diagnoses (77%), most commonly depression and anxiety. Integrated sessions with a behavioral health provider and a buprenorphine-waivered prescriber occurred weekly to monthly. Participants completed depression and anxiety questionnaires (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7) and provided urine samples at each visit. RESULTS: Most patients (72%) were retained for at least 3 months, with early dropout associated with higher initial depression and anxiety scores. Inconsistent urine drug tests (i.e., those positive for illicit/nonprescribed substances) were significantly more common at treatment initiation (74%) than during the most recent visit (43%, p < .001), and were associated with baseline substance and other mental health factors, as well as shorter treatment duration. Generalized estimating equations models suggested time-based improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms, especially for patients retained for at least 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Integrating wraparound addiction treatment within a rural primary care setting is feasible and associated with improved mental health and retention outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Authors: Stephanie A Hooker; Michelle D Sherman; Mary Lonergan-Cullum; Adam Sattler; Bruce S Liese; Kathryn Justesen; Tanner Nissly; Robert Levy Journal: J Prim Care Community Health Date: 2020 Jan-Dec