Transtragal, transtympanic electrode placement for intraoperative electrocochleographic monitoring.

Transtragal, transtympanic electrode placement was performed for the purpose of intraoperative electrocochleographic (ECoG) monitoring during seven suboccipital acoustic neuroma resections. The promontory, the tragus, and two external sutures stabilized the electrode during surgery. The only noted otologic sequallae of electrode placement were small circular lesions at tympanic membrane puncture sites. Satisfactory ECoG recordings were obtained in five of seven cases. Peak-to-peak N1 amplitudes were (on average) 13.4-fold larger than the corresponding amplitudes of peak I of the surface-recorded brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) recordings. During acoustic neuroma resection, ECoG and BAEP recordings changed relatively independently, which suggests multiple mechanisms and/or sites of injury to the cochlea or cochlear nerve. However, once they had become manifest, none of the observed changes exhibited a tendency to return to preoperative patterns. Hearing was preserved postoperatively in only two of seven patients, one of whom could not be monitored due to technical difficulty. Transtragal, transtympanic electrode placement provided a rapid, stable, and safe method of obtaining intraoperative ECoG recordings. Although combined intraoperative monitoring of ECoG and BAEP responses appeared to provide more precise documentation of injury to the cochlea and/or cochlear nerve, it was probably not influential in preservation of hearing in this series.